Nice to see you back on the list, Jesse. A couple of notes: 1. For glasses we already have a word from “TalkNow! Klingon” (TNK): {mIn QanwI' nguv} “sunglasses” (i.e., “dark eye protectors”) – which implies {mIn QanwI'} for regular eyeglasses. If you really want to be specific, you could say {mIn QanwI’ Dem} “uncolored glasses” using the new verb {Dem} “be clear, transparent, uncolored” from qepHom 2016. 2. For tank top, don’t forget {yIvbeH}: (KGT 57f.): the traditional warrior's tunic ({yIvbeH}) was made of a material (what it was is now unknown) resistant to puncture, just to add a little protection. Accompanying sleeves ({tlhaymey}), originally not parts of the tunic itself, were generally made of animal pelts ({veDDIrmey}) … (In modern usage, the word {yIvbeH} in most places means any shirt, with or without sleeves.) (KGT 29f.): In the Vospeg ({voSpegh}) region, on the other hand, {yIvbeH} refers only to a sleeveless shirt (thus retaining much of the word's original meaning, a sleeveless protective garment worn by warriors), {wep} means a shirt with sleeves, and any jacket or coat is a {cheSvel}, a word that elsewhere refers to a specific style of coat associated with, not surprisingly, the Vospeg region. 3. For teenagers and adolescents – as you know from KGT we have: nen growth, maturation (n) nen be mature, be grown-up, be adult (v) nenchoH mature, grow up (v) *{nenHa’} would be a good way to refer to someone immature, not grown-up; in other words, an adolescent or teenager. That being said, Okrand - or is it Maltz? - usually refers to them as “younger Klingons”, “younger people”, “younger speakers”, “the younger generation”, etc. E.g. (KGT 138): the characteristic patterns of younger people's speech, if noticed and commented upon, are more likely to be judged sloppy or careless rather than wrong. (KGT 141): Despite this debatable advantage, and despite the slow but ongoing spread of the practice among younger speakers, most Klingons still consider the ambiguous use of {yI-} an error. So {tlhInganpu’ Qan}, {nuv Qan}, {jatlhwI’pu’ Qan}, {puq poH Qan}, etc. -- Voragh From: Jesse Manoogian Back at the end of 2015, I appeared on this mailing list with a list of 19 words missing in Klingon. Upon your encouragement I came up with equivalents for most of them using the existent roots, but now I see that many of my conceptions on how Klingon agglutination worked were wrong. Well, I've been reading up on tlhIngan Hol -- learning more about the vocabulary, the affixes, and the rules of morphology, and I think I've got acceptable compounds and workarounds for all the words on my list now. Have a gander. glasses: mIn'al'onmey (eye-glass-PL) tank top: be'nalmoqwI' (a calque of the English wifebeater) be teenage, be adolescent: nenchoH (become adult) teen, adolescent, youth, young adult: nuv nenchoH (person becoming adult)

Hey Andrew, I remember last time, some people were a bit harsh that time. But it's good to see you back and I must say your list of words is really well thought through. Most of the words will probably be readily understandable for most Klingonists, except for perhaps "wifebeater". It's (I think) an English slang term that wouldn't be literally understandable by non-English speakers. Most will understand a person who beats their wife. Also note that it is somewhat of an unwritten custom to not write compound words as one word if it's not a word from Okrandian canon. So, better use a space, like {DIr vemmey}, (lit. 'marks of the skin'). But it's not a big mistake or anything. Just my 0.50 darseks - André 🖖 On 27 Jul 2017 10:33, "Jesse Manoogian" <boyfromtheabyss@yahoo.com> wrote: Hi, guys. It's Andrew again. Back at the end of 2015, I appeared on this mailing list with a list of 19 words missing in Klingon. Upon your encouragement I came up with equivalents for most of them using the existent roots, but now I see that many of my conceptions on how Klingon agglutination worked were wrong. Well, I've been reading up on tlhIngan Hol -- learning more about the vocabulary, the affixes, and the rules of morphology, and I think I've got acceptable compounds and workarounds for all the words on my list now. Have a gander. be blonde: SuD (be yellow) works fine be straight (of hair): beQ (be flat) be curly: gho rur (resemble a circle) be wavy: yu'eghmey rur (resemble waves) be bald: jIb ghajbe' (to not have hair) be hazel: SuD 'ej wovbe' (be yellow/green and non-bright -- I thought "SuD 'ej Doq 'ej wovbe'" was too unwieldy) freckles: DIrvemmey (skin-mark-PL) wrinkle: bentlhegh (age-line) glasses: mIn'al'onmey (eye-glass-PL) braces: Ho'baS (tooth-metal -- it's singular -- as I understand, they say the singular "brace" in British English, so this has precedent) tattoo: DIrmIllogh (skin-picture) jeans: yopwaH ghegh (rough pants) -- and I also notice "yopwaH buq" for "pants pouch; trouser pocket" -- how about buq yopwaH for cargo pants? polo shirt: wep yor poSmoH ([sleeved] shirt with open top) tank top: be'nalmoqwI' (a calque of the English wifebeater) headphones: nachQoywI' (head-hearer . . . a calque from the German Kopfhörer) skateboard: rutlh'echlet (wheel-board) guitar: javHurDagh (six + stringed instrument) bass: javHurDagh jaQ (deep guitar) be teenage, be adolescent: nenchoH (become adult) teen, adolescent, youth, young adult: nuv nenchoH (person becoming adult) pItlh! _______________________________________________ tlhIngan-Hol mailing list tlhIngan-Hol@lists.kli.org http://lists.kli.org/listinfo.cgi/tlhingan-hol-kli.org

On 7/27/2017 12:02 AM, Jesse Manoogian wrote:

be blonde: SuD (be yellow) works fine

I would accept a phrase like *jIb SuD, *but not *Human SuD.* In English a person can be blond, but Klingon *SuD* isn't specifically for describing hair color, so *Human SuD* would be like saying /yellow human/ in English. By the way, *SuD* means /be blue, green, yellow,/ not just /be yellow. /By describing hair as *SuD,* you're also describing people who dye their hair those colors (or maybe aliens with green or blue hair). This is fine, but if you ever want to make a distinction between the yellow sort of *SuD* and the blue or green sorts of *SuD,* you'll want to say *SuD 'ej wov*/*SuD* and light, yellow./ *SuD jIb 'ej wov*/the hair is yellow;/*SuDbogh jIb 'ej wovbogh / SuDbogh 'ej wovbogh jIb*/hair which is yellow./

be straight (of hair): beQ (be flat)

We have the word *wan* which means /be straight./ I don't see why this can't be applied to hair.

be curly: gho rur (resemble a circle)

If someone said *gho rur jIbDaj*/his hair resembles a circle,/ I wouldn't understand. I don't have a good alternative, though.

be wavy: yu'eghmey rur (resemble waves) be bald: jIb ghajbe' (to not have hair) be hazel: SuD 'ej wovbe' (be yellow/green and non-bright -- I thought "SuD 'ej Doq 'ej wovbe'" was too unwieldy)

I would consider *SuD 'ej wovbe'* to be blue. Hazel, the color, is light golden brown. /Brown/ is *Doq 'ej wovbe'* (so how to say /light brown/ is unclear to me... maybe *Doq 'ej loQ wovbe'*?).//The color /gold/ is a sort of yellow-orange, which would be somewhere between *Doq* and *SuD 'ej wov.* Hazel eyes shift between brown and light gold, sometimes with blue in them. There's no way you're going to get Klingon colors to describe them simply. Even in English, /hazel/ is just a way of saying, "it depends."

freckles: DIrvemmey (skin-mark-PL)

You should put spaces between nouns. *vem* seems to me to be tracks or marks left behind by something making them, not naturally occurring features. I don't have an alternative.

wrinkle: bentlhegh (age-line)

This is an interesting construction, but I don't know if *ben* can refer to /age/ like that.

glasses: mIn'al'onmey (eye-glass-PL)

I would figure that out, but I highly doubt that would be the real term. Maybe *mIn laH tI'wI'* or something similar.

braces: Ho'baS (tooth-metal -- it's singular -- as I understand, they say the singular "brace" in British English, so this has precedent)

I would understand this, but as with glasses I don't know if this would be the way to say it. I would imagine *Ho' wanmoHwI' *or *Ho' wanmoHmeH baS* or something like that. In Klingon, in most cases, all nouns are inherently both singular and plural. That is, if I say the word *Ho'* it means both /tooth/ and /teeth./ Context or grammar may make it explicit, but you can't just take the word *Ho'* and force people to interpret it as singular.

tattoo: DIrmIllogh (skin-picture) jeans: yopwaH ghegh (rough pants) -- and I also notice "yopwaH buq" for "pants pouch; trouser pocket" -- how about buq yopwaH for cargo pants?

I have no problem with these as descriptions of these things, though I wouldn't expect them to be THE terms for them.

polo shirt: wep yor poSmoH ([sleeved] shirt with open top)

This says /jacket it causes the top to open./ Notice that *wep* is a regional-only term for /sleeved shirt;/ outside of whichever region on Kronos it means that people will assume you're talking about a jacket. There is no standard term for /shirt, /but there is a description of a t-shirt, which is *yIvbeH SeQHa'*/informal tunic./ Now, a polo shirt isn't as informal as a t-shirt, but it's not exactly a tunic either. Its defining characteristics are that it is short-sleeved, heavier than a t-shirt, and has a collar. Given all that, I might compromise with *mongDech ghajbogh yIvbeH SeQHa'.* Not perfect, but that's what you get trying to translate between cultures.

tank top: be'nalmoqwI' (a calque of the English wifebeater)

NONONONONO! Ugh! The term is bad enough in English without porting it to Klingon. Just say *tlhay ghajbe'bogh yIvbeH*/tunic without sleeves./

headphones: nachQoywI' (head-hearer . . . a calque from the German Kopfhörer)

Another one I would figure out which I wouldn't use. I'd say *qoghDaq QoymeH jan*//*tu**Qbogh*/hearing device which one wears on/in the ears./

skateboard: rutlh'echlet (wheel-board)

I'd get it.

guitar: javHurDagh (six + stringed instrument)

I wouldn't get it. If you don't want to approximate by just saying *HurDagh,* be explicit and say *jav SIrgh ghajbogh HurDagh.* Or use a foreign term and say /guitar./

bass: javHurDagh jaQ (deep guitar)

I don't think *jaQ* means that kind of /deep./

be teenage, be adolescent: nenchoH (become adult)

Your translation of *nenchoH *as /become adult/ is correct, but /become adult/ doesn't mean /be teenage; be adolescent./ *nenbe'* /not mature;/ *nenHa'*/immature;/*wej nen*/not yet mature./ I don't have any simple translation for /teenage/ that isn't literally just /more than twelve, less than twenty./

teen, adolescent, youth, young adult: nuv nenchoH (person becoming adult)

*nuv nenchoH* is a nonsensical phrase saying /he/she/it becomes mature, person./ If you want to say /the //person is becoming an adult,/ say *nenchoH nuv.* If you want /the person who is becoming an adult, /say *nenchoHbogh nuv.* -- SuStel http://trimboli.name