To my previous email of below, I must make some addition after speaking to the requester of this word for shawn. Th point is, like Will said, a shawn is a medieval wood blow instrument. The thing that Okrand plays in the mentioned video is not such an instrument, it's one technically called "Martins-trumpet", but due to its similar sound of a shawn, everybody in Germany calls it a shawn. This usage has become so common that nobody would call it incorrect. So important for us Klingonists is to know that indeed {Sam} is "shawm" and in first place refers to that medieval instrument, but it can also, in addition, be used for the "martin's trumpet" (which everybody calls a shawn in Germany).
Am 30.06.2021 um 00:15 schrieb Will Martin:
FWI, that thing might be a {Sam}, but it is NOT a shawm. They didn’t have valves in Medieval and Renaissance times, and a shawm had ONE bell, not one for each note, and a shawm is a wooden instrument, not a metal one.
Am 03.07.2021 um 14:40 schrieb Lieven L. Litaer:
BUT... The thing that Okrand is playing here really is *some kind of* shawm.
I am not an expert, but I'll try to explain: The German word for shawm is Schalmei, and that originally referred to what you desscribed, the mideval thing made of wood with only one pipe. But over time, that device developped, was combined with more pipes and was made of metal.
So maybe that has a different name in English, possible. I don't know. I guess Maltz also does not know.
But anyhow: This device we see here is no doubt called "Schalmei" in German, the English word we found for it is "shawm" and Maltz just called it {Sam}.
So whatever you call that device Okrand plays in the video, Maltz calls it {Sam}.
(And honestly, I'm curious to find out what it's called in English).
-- Lieven L. Litaer aka the "Klingon Teacher from Germany" http://www.tlhInganHol.com http://klingon.wiki/Word/Sam _______________________________________________ tlhIngan-Hol mailing list tlhIngan-Hol@lists.kli.org http://lists.kli.org/listinfo.cgi/tlhingan-hol-kli.org
-- Lieven L. Litaer aka the "Klingon Teacher from Germany" http://www.tlhInganHol.com http://klingon.wiki/Word/Sam