[tlhIngan Hol] Each

[SuStel]

On 12/1/2016 11:36 AM, Anthony Appleyard wrote:
> What is the Klingon for "each" as distinct from "all" or "every" and such? I get the impression that English "each" is a singular which is to be taken as meaning one, then another, then another, and so on, of a stated group, like a computer language statement that means "for j = 1, 2, 3, etc, to n repeat/iterate the following statements".
>
> "Tthe men had a phaser" could mean that the whole group had one phaser between them.
>
> "The men had phasers" could mean that some of thee group had phasers.
>
> "Each man in the group had a phaser" would mean and be shorthand for:"John had a phaser; Peter had a phaser; Baz had a phaser; Steve had a phaser; ....etc...." iterated across the whole group.

You can add the word *Hoch* before a noun to mean either "each /noun/" 
or "all ," depending on whether the noun has a plural suffix on it.

*Hoch loD
*/each man (taken individually)/

*Hoch loDpu'
*/all men (taken as a group)/

So we can say:

*wa' pu'HIch ghaj Hoch loD
*/each man has one phaser/

*wa' pu'HIch ghaj Hoch loDpu'
*/(the group of) all the men have one phaser/

But the Klingon allows for the same ambiguity that English does:

*pu'HIch ghaj Hoch loD
*/each man has a phaser/phasers/

*pu'HIch ghaj Hoch loDpu'
*/(the group of) all the men have a phaser/phasers/ (Does each have his 
own phaser? Do only some of the men have phasers? Do some men have more 
phasers than others? The sentence doesn't say.)

We also have the word *ngIq*/singular one, individual one,/ which is 
used to refer to a group in which each member is acted on sequentially.

*ngIq nuv luHoH
*/they kill the warriors one by one/

-- 
SuStel
http://trimboli.name

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