--------------------------------------------------------------------- The verb {jeS} ("participate") does not take an object. It generally is in a phrase following a phrase saying what the subject of {jeS} is participating in. All of the following can be translated as "I participate in the qepHom," though the literal meaning of each is distinct:
qaStaHvIS qepHom jIjeS "While the qepHom is happening, I participate" qaS qepHom 'ej jIjeS "The qepHom is happening, and I participate" qaS qepHom vaj jIjeS "The qepHom is happening, so I participate" ---------------------------------------------------------------------
mayqel qunenoS:
I need to comment that in the aforementioned examples, there is an ambiguity. Someone says something along the lines of "while this happens" and continues by "I will participate". It does not specify that "he will participate to THAT event".
Lieven:
I'm not so sure about that. Okrand said "It generally is in a phrase following a phrase saying what the subject of jeS is participating in."
So when a person says "I participate" after mentioning an event, at least in Klingon it's quite clear.
Also in english, when a person says "There's a comic con tonight. I am going." Nobody would wonder where he is going to (unless he want to behave as a smartass).
tugh qaS qepHom'a'. bIjeS'a'? "Are you attending the qepHom'a' next month?"
wa'Hu' bom moqwI'pu'. jeS vaghSaD nuvpu'. "The beatles had a concert yesterday with 5,000 visitors."
tachDaq Suv tlhInganpu'. jeS jav. "six Klingons participate in a bar fight"
I have a feeling that {SaH} "be present (not absent)" and {Dach} "be absent" also work like {jeS}. There are no examples of {SaH} AFAIK, but there are two for {Dach}: qaStaHvIS wanI'vam yIDachQo' Don't miss this event! (WSC) Dach Hoch SuvwI'pu' Hem All proud warriors were gone (PB) Note the WSC example: "While this event is happening, don't be absent!" -- Voragh P.S. WSC = Washington Shakespeare Company's "By Any Other Name: An Evening of Shakespeare in Klingon" (2010)