First of all, I want to emphasise that I am NOT promising anything. Quite possibly, nothing will come out of this. I want to set proper expectations and not get anyone's hopes up. Again: NO PROMISES. With that said... While working on the 3rd edition of the paq'batlh, I had gathered a huge amount of information about new revelations about the grammar and vocabulary of Klingon which I'd edited into notes organised by the same system as used in TKD. I'd also put in comments about how things had been used by Dr. Okrand in the movies and SkyBox cards, a few translations he'd done for Star Trek authors, things done by others in the Netflix dialogues and subtitles, writings by skilled Klingon speakers such as blog posts, etc., in areas where Dr. Okrand had left things vague or underspecified in TKD, but where common usage patterns (if not a consensus) had developed. Dr. Okrand has indicated that, where possible, he doesn't want to reveal anything which would contradict how people have already been using the language (except for clear errors). And, of course, I have been keeping track of all updates to the vocabulary through the {boQwI'} database. I basically had a private copy of TKD updated with all the new grammar and vocabulary and usage notes, which I'd shared with Dr. Okrand and was tremendously helpful in getting the paq'batlh published. When he saw it, he suggested we turn it into a new official edition of TKD. At the time, the paq'batlh project was ballooning and it seemed to just keep getting bigger and bigger, so we put the idea aside. In the last few weeks, I've edited my notes into a form that looks reasonably like a book draft. Previously, it just had bullet points, disconnected examples, and references to HolQeD or the mailing list or other sources peppered throughout. I've edited the bullet points into paragraphs, edited the examples to build on each other throughout where possible, and included the information from the sources in the body of the book itself (except some places where it says "For more info, see KGT/TKW / listen to CK/PK" as I didn't want to repeat the info or examples from there). Where usage patterns had developed independent of Dr. Okrand's input, I've put in placeholders like "A majority of speakers use this construction or use this word this way, while a minor does this other thing." Dr. Okrand will be going through everything and we'll be revising things together. Already, this project is clearly going to be bigger in scope than editing the paq'batlh 3rd edition. The process for that started in 2019, and it wasn't published until 2022. Depending on my and Dr. Okrand's schedules, it's likely a 3rd edition of TKD will take even longer than that. And maybe it'll end up being too much work and won't ever be completed. (Dr. Okrand is officially retired, and even though he seems to enjoy discussions about Klingon, I also don't want to pester him too much.) So, again, I'm not promising anything. With all that said, it's still a very rough draft, and we have no official go-ahead from the publisher to do anything. We're putting together a book proposal for Pocket Books ( > Simon & Schuster > CBS), which, of course, might even just be rejected. However, in the meantime, I'd like to be optimistic and just pretend that the book proposal will be approved, and solicit everyone's input so we can continue to make progress on the draft, similar to what we'd done with paq'batlh. Errors: - I am fairly certain that I've covered all the typos and errors in TKD. However, have other people compiled their own lists? It would be good to be able to double-check. Grammar: - Again, I've gone through Dr. Okrand's interviews in HolQeD, info revealed in the mailing list from the qep'a'mey and books authored by others, and the booklets from the Saarbrücken qepHom'a'. So I think I've got everything (in fact, we'll have to make editorial decisions to cut some things, e.g., the section on comparisons is way too long right now, compared to other points of grammar; and we can't possibly explain how every verb is used grammatically). But are there any particular sticky points of grammar that you believe need to be clarified? For example, those of you who deal often with beginners (e.g., the people who run Duolingo or various qepHommey), are there particular points which beginners are frequently confused about and could be better explained? Vocabulary: - What Dr. Okrand and I are looking for specifically are gaps in the vocabulary relevant to Star Trek. The original TKD was intended to cover vocabulary needed to say anything said by a Klingon up to Star Trek III. The second edition's addendum added a few things from Star Trek VI and the early seasons of TNG. KGT added some more things from TNG and DS9 as well. What we would like for the new edition of TKD is to be able to cover anything said by any Klingon character, or anything for which there should be a Klingon term, up to the new shows. This includes words made up by Star Trek writers which haven't been given a backfit into Okrandian orthography (e.g., things like "gorch" and "kajunpakt" before Dr. Okrand confirmed them). Neither Dr. Okrand nor I have kept up with the new Star Trek shows, so it's likely we might be missing things in this area. Please supply the context for the needed vocabulary (e.g., series and episode, line of dialogue and surrounding dialogue). Examples: - Again, the original TKD had examples mostly either from Star Trek III, or constructed from vocabulary made up for that movie. New revelations of grammar rules used examples relevant to Star Trek (e.g., how to express length, using a painstik as an example), but it would be nice if the example sentences are things which were actually (or could potentially have been) spoken by Klingon characters in real situations from the shows and movies. I've edited some examples of Klingon dialogues from the recent movies and Discovery into the text. If anyone has any favourite quotes from Worf or L'Rell or another Klingon character which illustrates a grammar point or concept nicely, let me know. (Also, we haven't figured out how Maltz and/or Dr. Okrand learned about spoken Klingon dialogue which happened in alternate timelines, or after Maltz's capture in contexts he shouldn't have access to. Perhaps the Temporal Mechanics Department was involved. Truly, temporal mechanics gives one a headache!) Useful expressions: - The original "useful expressions" from TKD were mostly intended to be humorous. Dr. Okrand didn't originally anticipate that people would actually memorise the lines and use them. For the new edition, I think we will have a useful expressions chapter with multiple sections, for different contexts. For example, the first section would probably be beginner conversational phrases. I know that a list like that has been used very successfully at events like the qepHom'a'. (It would be phrases like "What's this?", "How do you say [blank] in Klingon?", "My name is [blank]", and so on; the kind of sentence beginners need to say to get started.) Maybe touristy phrases (like those found in CK and PK) can be here as well, or in a separate section. Another section is probably going to be ship operations. We already have the vocabulary and grammar to say almost anything in this regard. But, for example, it would be good to have a ready list of things commonly said while operating a Klingon ship, like "Take your stations!" (so someone didn't need to invent {Delaq Do'}). Let me know if you think of anything that is commonly said on a starship that we don't have a way to say yet. Does anyone play a Klingon in STO or any other game where they roleplay as Klingon characters? What are some common things you might say? I'll take suggestions for other contexts/sections, or any phrases which might be useful to have in TKD. In particular, think about the kinds of things that Star Trek writers might be liable to make up, if they can't find something right away by looking in the list of expressions in TKD. Once again, I will note that I am making NO PROMISES about this project. I have committed some time (a few hours per week here and there, like with the paq'batlh) to working on it, and Dr. Okrand has agreed to spend some time on it as well (but he is retired and doesn't necessarily have a lot of time for this), so I'm just going to do what I can to see how far I can push it. Any help that would make things easier for Dr. Okrand and myself would be very much appreciated. Qapla'! -- De'vID
So I think I've got everything (in fact, we'll have to make editorial decisions to cut some things, e.g., the section on comparisons is way too long right now, compared to other points of grammar; and we can't possibly explain how every verb is used grammatically).
If you've already put in the work, and the information is useful, don't cut it out. Similar arguments were made for the 2nd edition of the Star Trek Encyclopedia. The 3rd edition ended up including the longer entries. We're not getting a 4th edition TKD, so go ahead and include it in the 3rd. ~Melanie Roney Sent from my Palm Prē
On Mon, Apr 24, 2023 at 1:18 PM Melanie Roney via tlhIngan-Hol < tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
So I think I've got everything (in fact, we'll have to make editorial decisions to cut some things, e.g., the section on comparisons is way too long right now, compared to other points of grammar; and we can't possibly explain how every verb is used grammatically).
If you've already put in the work, and the information is useful, don't cut it out.
Similar arguments were made for the 2nd edition of the Star Trek Encyclopedia. The 3rd edition ended up including the longer entries.
We're not getting a 4th edition TKD, so go ahead and include it in the 3rd.
I have to be able to convince the publisher that the new edition will sell better than the previous one. The book still has to be accessible to a general audience. Having 10 pages on how to compare two things in Klingon, or having a 400+ page book that explains how to use every verb in detail, might be desirable to hardcore Klingonists, but will likely be considered off-putting to a general audience. Peppering a shorter book with examples drawn from the movies/TV shows is more likely to result in it getting published. -- De'vID
Am 25.04.2023 um 02:04 schrieb De'vID via tlhIngan-Hol:
I have to be able to convince the publisher that the new edition will sell better than the previous one.
That indeed is the main problem. Why should they put effort in a book which is already selling very well? And if it's not, why should they make an updated version? When I proposed my Klingon teaching book to them, they said that they already have three books about Klingon, and don't need another one. :-(
to a general audience. Having 10 pages on how to compare two things in Klingon, or having a 400+ page book that explains how to use every verb in detail, might be desirable to hardcore Klingonists, but will likely be considered off-putting to a general audience.
Yes, true. It should remain as short as possible and only include minor hints on usage, in the same short way it does in the original. Additional, detailed information should remain in special books by the KLI or other publishers. -- Lieven L. Litaer aka the "Klingon Teacher from Germany" http://www.tlhInganHol.com http://klingon.wiki/En/NewKlingonDictionary
Four things: 1. Glory to you and your house! 2. Appendix should have a list of adverbs for quick glancing through. I find myself using http://klingon.wiki/En/Adverbial for reference. 3. On Example phrases. I'd love to have a lengthy answer to "chay' vaS'a'Daq majaH'a'?" (this is not the joke; no -laH or bugs here cf. Power Klingon) This comes with a side order of "words about traffic". Example answer: "The Great Hall is three blocks NW of here. Head down this street, turn left on the second intersection. At the pedestrian roundabout, take the second exit and stay in the left lane. You'll get there in 10 minutes." (I've never actually been to Qo'noS so I don't know if traffic is anything like that) 4. On Ship operations. I suppose some regular phrases can be gleaned from let's play videos where trekkies play Bridge Crew VR or Artemis Spaceship Bridge Simulator. I myself will watch few and see what pops up repeatedly. For the sales pitch you'll do well to remember that Klingonists will likely buy a copy for use and one or more for the shelf. Qapla' batlh je! On Mon, Apr 24, 2023 at 2:00 PM De'vID via tlhIngan-Hol < tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
First of all, I want to emphasise that I am NOT promising anything. Quite possibly, nothing will come out of this. I want to set proper expectations and not get anyone's hopes up.
Again: NO PROMISES. With that said...
While working on the 3rd edition of the paq'batlh, I had gathered a huge amount of information about new revelations about the grammar and vocabulary of Klingon which I'd edited into notes organised by the same system as used in TKD. I'd also put in comments about how things had been used by Dr. Okrand in the movies and SkyBox cards, a few translations he'd done for Star Trek authors, things done by others in the Netflix dialogues and subtitles, writings by skilled Klingon speakers such as blog posts, etc., in areas where Dr. Okrand had left things vague or underspecified in TKD, but where common usage patterns (if not a consensus) had developed. Dr. Okrand has indicated that, where possible, he doesn't want to reveal anything which would contradict how people have already been using the language (except for clear errors). And, of course, I have been keeping track of all updates to the vocabulary through the {boQwI'} database. I basically had a private copy of TKD updated with all the new grammar and vocabulary and usage notes, which I'd shared with Dr. Okrand and was tremendously helpful in getting the paq'batlh published.
When he saw it, he suggested we turn it into a new official edition of TKD. At the time, the paq'batlh project was ballooning and it seemed to just keep getting bigger and bigger, so we put the idea aside. In the last few weeks, I've edited my notes into a form that looks reasonably like a book draft. Previously, it just had bullet points, disconnected examples, and references to HolQeD or the mailing list or other sources peppered throughout. I've edited the bullet points into paragraphs, edited the examples to build on each other throughout where possible, and included the information from the sources in the body of the book itself (except some places where it says "For more info, see KGT/TKW / listen to CK/PK" as I didn't want to repeat the info or examples from there). Where usage patterns had developed independent of Dr. Okrand's input, I've put in placeholders like "A majority of speakers use this construction or use this word this way, while a minor does this other thing." Dr. Okrand will be going through everything and we'll be revising things together.
Already, this project is clearly going to be bigger in scope than editing the paq'batlh 3rd edition. The process for that started in 2019, and it wasn't published until 2022. Depending on my and Dr. Okrand's schedules, it's likely a 3rd edition of TKD will take even longer than that. And maybe it'll end up being too much work and won't ever be completed. (Dr. Okrand is officially retired, and even though he seems to enjoy discussions about Klingon, I also don't want to pester him too much.) So, again, I'm not promising anything.
With all that said, it's still a very rough draft, and we have no official go-ahead from the publisher to do anything. We're putting together a book proposal for Pocket Books ( > Simon & Schuster > CBS), which, of course, might even just be rejected.
However, in the meantime, I'd like to be optimistic and just pretend that the book proposal will be approved, and solicit everyone's input so we can continue to make progress on the draft, similar to what we'd done with paq'batlh.
Errors: - I am fairly certain that I've covered all the typos and errors in TKD. However, have other people compiled their own lists? It would be good to be able to double-check.
Grammar: - Again, I've gone through Dr. Okrand's interviews in HolQeD, info revealed in the mailing list from the qep'a'mey and books authored by others, and the booklets from the Saarbrücken qepHom'a'. So I think I've got everything (in fact, we'll have to make editorial decisions to cut some things, e.g., the section on comparisons is way too long right now, compared to other points of grammar; and we can't possibly explain how every verb is used grammatically). But are there any particular sticky points of grammar that you believe need to be clarified? For example, those of you who deal often with beginners (e.g., the people who run Duolingo or various qepHommey), are there particular points which beginners are frequently confused about and could be better explained?
Vocabulary: - What Dr. Okrand and I are looking for specifically are gaps in the vocabulary relevant to Star Trek. The original TKD was intended to cover vocabulary needed to say anything said by a Klingon up to Star Trek III. The second edition's addendum added a few things from Star Trek VI and the early seasons of TNG. KGT added some more things from TNG and DS9 as well. What we would like for the new edition of TKD is to be able to cover anything said by any Klingon character, or anything for which there should be a Klingon term, up to the new shows. This includes words made up by Star Trek writers which haven't been given a backfit into Okrandian orthography (e.g., things like "gorch" and "kajunpakt" before Dr. Okrand confirmed them).
Neither Dr. Okrand nor I have kept up with the new Star Trek shows, so it's likely we might be missing things in this area. Please supply the context for the needed vocabulary (e.g., series and episode, line of dialogue and surrounding dialogue).
Examples: - Again, the original TKD had examples mostly either from Star Trek III, or constructed from vocabulary made up for that movie. New revelations of grammar rules used examples relevant to Star Trek (e.g., how to express length, using a painstik as an example), but it would be nice if the example sentences are things which were actually (or could potentially have been) spoken by Klingon characters in real situations from the shows and movies. I've edited some examples of Klingon dialogues from the recent movies and Discovery into the text. If anyone has any favourite quotes from Worf or L'Rell or another Klingon character which illustrates a grammar point or concept nicely, let me know.
(Also, we haven't figured out how Maltz and/or Dr. Okrand learned about spoken Klingon dialogue which happened in alternate timelines, or after Maltz's capture in contexts he shouldn't have access to. Perhaps the Temporal Mechanics Department was involved. Truly, temporal mechanics gives one a headache!)
Useful expressions: - The original "useful expressions" from TKD were mostly intended to be humorous. Dr. Okrand didn't originally anticipate that people would actually memorise the lines and use them. For the new edition, I think we will have a useful expressions chapter with multiple sections, for different contexts.
For example, the first section would probably be beginner conversational phrases. I know that a list like that has been used very successfully at events like the qepHom'a'. (It would be phrases like "What's this?", "How do you say [blank] in Klingon?", "My name is [blank]", and so on; the kind of sentence beginners need to say to get started.) Maybe touristy phrases (like those found in CK and PK) can be here as well, or in a separate section.
Another section is probably going to be ship operations. We already have the vocabulary and grammar to say almost anything in this regard. But, for example, it would be good to have a ready list of things commonly said while operating a Klingon ship, like "Take your stations!" (so someone didn't need to invent {Delaq Do'}). Let me know if you think of anything that is commonly said on a starship that we don't have a way to say yet. Does anyone play a Klingon in STO or any other game where they roleplay as Klingon characters? What are some common things you might say?
I'll take suggestions for other contexts/sections, or any phrases which might be useful to have in TKD. In particular, think about the kinds of things that Star Trek writers might be liable to make up, if they can't find something right away by looking in the list of expressions in TKD.
Once again, I will note that I am making NO PROMISES about this project. I have committed some time (a few hours per week here and there, like with the paq'batlh) to working on it, and Dr. Okrand has agreed to spend some time on it as well (but he is retired and doesn't necessarily have a lot of time for this), so I'm just going to do what I can to see how far I can push it. Any help that would make things easier for Dr. Okrand and myself would be very much appreciated.
Qapla'!
-- De'vID _______________________________________________ tlhIngan-Hol mailing list tlhIngan-Hol@lists.kli.org http://lists.kli.org/listinfo.cgi/tlhingan-hol-kli.org
On Tue, Apr 25, 2023 at 11:31 PM Arttu Hiekkanen via tlhIngan-Hol < tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
For the sales pitch you'll do well to remember that Klingonists will likely buy a copy for use and one or more for the shelf.
I think this is probably true, but I don't think it's a good sales pitch. How many such Klingonists do you estimate there are, who will buy two copies of the dictionary? -- De'vID
Are you kidding? I have a couple TKDs written in languages I don’t speak. I have The Original one (2nd Edition, but it was the first one I bought) that has all my annotations in it. What it DOESN’T have is a front cover, since that fell off decades ago. I have one or two in relatively pristine condition. If another edition comes out, I’m buying at least 2, and I’m not all that active anymore. I need one to use and write annotations in, and one to keep. There comes a point when the Klingon language isn’t just an interest or something you do. It’s part of your identity. TKD is nice to have around to use it, but as one whose identity is tangled up in having a certain level of skill with the language, it is essential to HAVE it. Consider that one of the strong features of the Star Trek Universe is that it had Spock, who was the first mainstream autistic character in fiction since Sherlock Holmes. You don’t have to be “on the spectrum” of autism to have an interest in Star Trek, but believe me, it helps. If you are on the spectrum, certain objects become essential to have because it fits your identity and it calms you to have it. It’s special, since it belongs to a fictitious reality that you identify with; a place that you go when here becomes less than interesting, which, if you are on the spectrum, happens a lot. Spock finds things fascinating. Sherlock goes nuts if he gets bored. And I feel better knowing that I have a pristine TKD, even if I never open it. pItlh charghwI’ ‘utlh (ghaH, ghaH, -Daj)
On Apr 28, 2023, at 4:34 PM, De'vID via tlhIngan-Hol <tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
On Tue, Apr 25, 2023 at 11:31 PM Arttu Hiekkanen via tlhIngan-Hol <tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org <mailto:tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org>> wrote:
For the sales pitch you'll do well to remember that Klingonists will likely buy a copy for use and one or more for the shelf.
I think this is probably true, but I don't think it's a good sales pitch. How many such Klingonists do you estimate there are, who will buy two copies of the dictionary?
-- De'vID _______________________________________________ tlhIngan-Hol mailing list tlhIngan-Hol@lists.kli.org http://lists.kli.org/listinfo.cgi/tlhingan-hol-kli.org
Am 28.04.2023 um 23:19 schrieb Will Martin via tlhIngan-Hol:
Are you kidding?
I have a couple TKDs written in languages I don’t speak.
That's not De'vID's point. The point is that there are not that many Klingonists generally who would buy such a second book. Most people who have bought TKD just for keeping it in the shelf will probably not care about an updated version. That's how publishers think. -- Lieven L. Litaer aka the "Klingon Teacher from Germany" http://www.tlhInganHol.com http://klingon.wiki/En/TheKlingonDictionary
On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 5:29 PM Lieven L. Litaer via tlhIngan-Hol < tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
Most people who have bought TKD just for keeping it in the shelf will probably not care about an updated version. That's how publishers think.
Just my two cents worth: I'm only a dabbler in Klingon, but I would definitely purchase a TKD3, even if all it does is sit on my shelf. Thanks to this list, I realize there have been huge developments in the language since I purchased my copies of TKD, CK, PK, TKW, and KGT. Trying to keep up with them is intimidating and often confusing, so I'd like to see an authoritative update to the core text. bI'reng
On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 11:20 PM Will Martin via tlhIngan-Hol < tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
Are you kidding?
I have a couple TKDs written in languages I don’t speak.
I have The Original one (2nd Edition, but it was the first one I bought) that has all my annotations in it. What it DOESN’T have is a front cover, since that fell off decades ago. I have one or two in relatively pristine condition.
If another edition comes out, I’m buying at least 2, and I’m not all that active anymore. I need one to use and write annotations in, and one to keep.
I don't doubt that there are people who will buy two or even more copies of a new edition of TKD. What I'm saying is that one should be aware of self-selection bias: if you are on this mailing list, the chances are that you are actually highly *atypical* for the average purchaser of TKD. I guarantee you that the number of people who care about why the aspect suffix sometimes appears on the second verb of a sentence-as-object construction is simply miniscule compared to the number of people who want to figure out what Worf or L'Rell said in some episode (like the way the 1992 edition lets you figure out the dialogues from Star Trek III, V, and VI), or who want to have a ready bunch of Klingon phrases for a Klingon in some game. The publisher is simply not interested that people who care about how aspect suffixes work will buy more than one copy of the book -- and I say this as someone who cares a great deal about how aspect suffixes work. What they care about is whether it will appeal to people who follow the currently running shows or who play ongoing licensed video games. I'm literally willing to wager on this: whether or not the publisher will be convinced to print a new edition is on the line. My pitch is going to be: fans of the current shows, recent movies, and licensed games will buy a new edition of TKD; they would've bought a copy already, if only it wasn't so obviously outdated, so you're leaving money on the table by not updating it. (In fact, we know the publisher is aware that the outdatedness is hurting sales, because they removed the cover that prominently features Kruge from Star Trek III and says on the top "Including New Material from Star Trek TNG and Star Trek VI", and replaced it with a plain red "timeless" cover.) If you think this is the wrong pitch and that I should focus on people who will buy multiple copies instead, prove to me with data that people who buy multiple copies make up a significant portion of the book's sales. I'm willing to entertain that this might be true, but I'm not making that claim to the publisher unless I have facts to back it up. -- De'vID
The 2nd Edition sold a lot more copies than the first did, and I doubt there were many who bought the first who didn’t also by the 2nd. So, how many 2nd edition TKDs were sold? I thought I once heard that it was something like 750,000 copies. By contrast, my Guitar Owner’s Manual sold something like 12,000 copies, which the publisher thought was a good run. pItlh charghwI’ ‘utlh (ghaH, ghaH, -Daj)
On Apr 28, 2023, at 8:45 PM, De'vID via tlhIngan-Hol <tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 11:20 PM Will Martin via tlhIngan-Hol <tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org <mailto:tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org>> wrote:
Are you kidding?
I have a couple TKDs written in languages I don’t speak.
I have The Original one (2nd Edition, but it was the first one I bought) that has all my annotations in it. What it DOESN’T have is a front cover, since that fell off decades ago. I have one or two in relatively pristine condition.
If another edition comes out, I’m buying at least 2, and I’m not all that active anymore. I need one to use and write annotations in, and one to keep.
I don't doubt that there are people who will buy two or even more copies of a new edition of TKD. What I'm saying is that one should be aware of self-selection bias: if you are on this mailing list, the chances are that you are actually highly *atypical* for the average purchaser of TKD.
I guarantee you that the number of people who care about why the aspect suffix sometimes appears on the second verb of a sentence-as-object construction is simply miniscule compared to the number of people who want to figure out what Worf or L'Rell said in some episode (like the way the 1992 edition lets you figure out the dialogues from Star Trek III, V, and VI), or who want to have a ready bunch of Klingon phrases for a Klingon in some game. The publisher is simply not interested that people who care about how aspect suffixes work will buy more than one copy of the book -- and I say this as someone who cares a great deal about how aspect suffixes work. What they care about is whether it will appeal to people who follow the currently running shows or who play ongoing licensed video games.
I'm literally willing to wager on this: whether or not the publisher will be convinced to print a new edition is on the line. My pitch is going to be: fans of the current shows, recent movies, and licensed games will buy a new edition of TKD; they would've bought a copy already, if only it wasn't so obviously outdated, so you're leaving money on the table by not updating it. (In fact, we know the publisher is aware that the outdatedness is hurting sales, because they removed the cover that prominently features Kruge from Star Trek III and says on the top "Including New Material from Star Trek TNG and Star Trek VI", and replaced it with a plain red "timeless" cover.)
If you think this is the wrong pitch and that I should focus on people who will buy multiple copies instead, prove to me with data that people who buy multiple copies make up a significant portion of the book's sales. I'm willing to entertain that this might be true, but I'm not making that claim to the publisher unless I have facts to back it up.
-- De'vID _______________________________________________ tlhIngan-Hol mailing list tlhIngan-Hol@lists.kli.org http://lists.kli.org/listinfo.cgi/tlhingan-hol-kli.org
I'll bet that most people who bought a first edition didn't buy a second edition. I'll further bet that most people who bought a first edition never expected to, and never did, go on to seriously try to learn Klingon. They bought it as a fannish novelty. That's what most people who bought a second edition did, too. As for number of copies sold, the first edition was in print for, what, six years? And the second has been in print for thirty-one years? Do the math. -------- Original message -------- From: Will Martin via tlhIngan-Hol <tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> Date: 4/29/23 8:29 AM (GMT-05:00) To: tlhingan-hol@kli.org Cc: Will Martin <lojmitti7wi7nuv@gmail.com> Subject: Re: [tlhIngan Hol] wishlist for TKD 3ed The 2nd Edition sold a lot more copies than the first did, and I doubt there were many who bought the first who didn’t also by the 2nd. So, how many 2nd edition TKDs were sold? I thought I once heard that it was something like 750,000 copies. By contrast, my Guitar Owner’s Manual sold something like 12,000 copies, which the publisher thought was a good run. pItlh charghwI’ ‘utlh (ghaH, ghaH, -Daj) On Apr 28, 2023, at 8:45 PM, De'vID via tlhIngan-Hol <tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote: On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 11:20 PM Will Martin via tlhIngan-Hol <tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org<mailto:tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org>> wrote: Are you kidding? I have a couple TKDs written in languages I don’t speak. I have The Original one (2nd Edition, but it was the first one I bought) that has all my annotations in it. What it DOESN’T have is a front cover, since that fell off decades ago. I have one or two in relatively pristine condition. If another edition comes out, I’m buying at least 2, and I’m not all that active anymore. I need one to use and write annotations in, and one to keep. I don't doubt that there are people who will buy two or even more copies of a new edition of TKD. What I'm saying is that one should be aware of self-selection bias: if you are on this mailing list, the chances are that you are actually highly *atypical* for the average purchaser of TKD. I guarantee you that the number of people who care about why the aspect suffix sometimes appears on the second verb of a sentence-as-object construction is simply miniscule compared to the number of people who want to figure out what Worf or L'Rell said in some episode (like the way the 1992 edition lets you figure out the dialogues from Star Trek III, V, and VI), or who want to have a ready bunch of Klingon phrases for a Klingon in some game. The publisher is simply not interested that people who care about how aspect suffixes work will buy more than one copy of the book -- and I say this as someone who cares a great deal about how aspect suffixes work. What they care about is whether it will appeal to people who follow the currently running shows or who play ongoing licensed video games. I'm literally willing to wager on this: whether or not the publisher will be convinced to print a new edition is on the line. My pitch is going to be: fans of the current shows, recent movies, and licensed games will buy a new edition of TKD; they would've bought a copy already, if only it wasn't so obviously outdated, so you're leaving money on the table by not updating it. (In fact, we know the publisher is aware that the outdatedness is hurting sales, because they removed the cover that prominently features Kruge from Star Trek III and says on the top "Including New Material from Star Trek TNG and Star Trek VI", and replaced it with a plain red "timeless" cover.) If you think this is the wrong pitch and that I should focus on people who will buy multiple copies instead, prove to me with data that people who buy multiple copies make up a significant portion of the book's sales. I'm willing to entertain that this might be true, but I'm not making that claim to the publisher unless I have facts to back it up. -- De'vID _______________________________________________ tlhIngan-Hol mailing list tlhIngan-Hol@lists.kli.org http://lists.kli.org/listinfo.cgi/tlhingan-hol-kli.org
But that’s interesting by itself…. The second edition has been in print for 31 years? And as someone else noted, they’ve changed the cover? This implies that there *is* demand, and the publisher knows it, or it would have been out of print for years, maybe decades. That makes me hopeful that a third edition is a possibility, though sadly, I don’t have any good ideas as to how to sell the idea to the publisher. Russ
On Apr 29, 2023, at 8:13 AM, sustel trimboli.name via tlhIngan-Hol <tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
As for number of copies sold, the first edition was in print for, what, six years? And the second has been in print for thirty-one years? Do the math.
On Sat, Apr 29, 2023 at 3:21 PM Russ Perry Jr via tlhIngan-Hol < tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
But that’s interesting by itself…. The second edition has been in print for 31 years? And as someone else noted, they’ve changed the cover?
The red cover version has the same contents as the white cover 1992 version. Based on photos of the copyright page shared on Discord, the 1992 edition restarts the print run at 1, but the red cover continues the same print run as the white cover version. Someone shared a photo of the red cover version which was print run 40, so there's been at least 40 printings of the white/red cover versions together.
This implies that there *is* demand, and the publisher knows it, or it would have been out of print for years, maybe decades. That makes me hopeful that a third edition is a possibility, though sadly, I don’t have any good ideas as to how to sell the idea to the publisher.
The fact that people continue to buy the old edition doesn't necessarily work in our favour: from the publisher's point of view, if the existing edition is selling well, the expense of producing a new edition may not be worth it. Why take a risk with a product that continues to sell X copies a year, if they're already making some money by doing nothing? They have finite resources. They have to weigh updating TKD against, e.g., publishing a new Strange New Worlds novel with Anson Mount and Ethan Peck on the cover (i.e., actors who are actually onscreen in currently running shows) which may be projected to sell 10X copies. Right now, there are no prominent Klingon characters in currently running shows to put on the cover of a new TKD. I dunno, maybe we can convince them to put old Worf (from Picard season 3) on the cover. (I know some people here who might be upset by that because of Michael Dorn's attitude towards the Klingon language in the past, but I'm willing to bet that putting Dorn on the cover will increase the sales of TKD overall.) But even in that case, is a new TKD going to outsell a new SNW novel, or any number of other things they could do which might cost the same amount of money? And *that* is the case I have to make to the publishers in our proposal, that a new TKD *would* be more profitable than projects with similar cost. Even if 100 KLI members were committed to buying 10 copies each, it's completely irrelevant if the publisher believes they can spend the same amount of money and sell more than 1000 copies of some *other* book. (If we're *really* lucky, the next Star Trek movie or TV show will feature Klingons or a Klingon character prominently, the way that Star Trek III, V, and VI, followed by TNG, made TKD so popular to begin with.) -- De'vID
On Apr 29, 2023, at 6:17 PM, De'vID via tlhIngan-Hol <tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
And *that* is the case I have to make to the publishers in our proposal, that a new TKD *would* be more profitable than projects with similar cost.
Out of the box thought: get the publication rights for KLI Press to do it. -- ghunchu'wI'
Am 30.04.2023 um 01:16 schrieb De'vID via tlhIngan-Hol:
if the existing edition is selling well, the expense of producing a new edition may not be worth it.
Indeed. They only look at the money, that's their job.
know some people here who might be upset by that because of Michael Dorn's attitude towards the Klingon language in the past,
And as a side note: we have never seen Worf speak Klingon! Maybe few words only, but not in a way you'd remember him as the Klingon speaker. (in the universe, I even doubt her really does speak Klingon, since he grew up among humans)
(If we're *really* lucky, the next Star Trek movie or TV show will feature Klingons or a Klingon character prominently, the way that Star
Well - SPOILERS ahead - the latest preview of season 2 of SNW did show some Klingons. But we don't know how much they'll do there. Alan's suggestion to get a permission for KLI press certainly will be quite difficult, because - going back to argument 1: if the 2nd edition is selling well, they would be stupid to give away the rights to someone else. (and they surely also think about: what if the 3rd edition really is selling better than the 2nd?) One other possibility is of course to make an "addendum" version book, which completes the 2nd edition instead of replacing it. Did anyone think about that? -- Lieven L. Litaer aka the "Klingon Teacher from Germany" http://www.tlhInganHol.com http://klingon.wiki/En/NewKlingonDictionary
On 4/30/2023 4:26 AM, Lieven L. Litaer via tlhIngan-Hol wrote:
Am 30.04.2023 um 01:16 schrieb De'vID via tlhIngan-Hol:
And as a side note: we have never seen Worf speak Klingon! Maybe few words only, but not in a way you'd remember him as the Klingon speaker. (in the universe, I even doubt her really does speak Klingon, since he grew up among humans)
Worf is known for being more Klingon than Klingons, because his isolation from his own people makes him compensate. Of course he speaks Klingon. He demonstrates knowledge of Klingon often. Michael Dorn was Worf during the long period where the only Klingon spoken was a word here or there, and Worf had more here-or-there words than anyone. Worf is shown speaking more Klingon than any other Klingon. -- SuStel http://trimboli.name
And that's just Michael Dorn's on-screen work. In 1996 he and Roxann Biggs-Dawson (B'Elanna) also recorded an audiotape abridgement of The Klingon Way (TKW), which had been published earlier that year. Voragh ------------------------------Original Message------------------------------ From: SuStel via tlhIngan-Hol Worf is known for being more Klingon than Klingons, because his isolation from his own people makes him compensate. Of course he speaks Klingon. He demonstrates knowledge of Klingon often. Michael Dorn was Worf during the long period where the only Klingon spoken was a word here or there, and Worf had more here-or-there words than anyone. Worf is shown speaking more Klingon than any other Klingon.
Am 01.05.2023 um 17:16 schrieb Steven Boozer via tlhIngan-Hol:
And that's just Michael Dorn's on-screen work. In 1996 he and Roxann Biggs-Dawson (B'Elanna) also recorded an audiotape abridgement of The Klingon Way (TKW), which had been published earlier that year.
And that recording is awful. I do not recommend it for beginners. Okrand was not involved and did not coach the actors. The pronunciation is really bad. So if you want to stay in the game: Worf does not speak good Klingon, or has an unknown strange dialect, or has a terrible English accent. -- Lieven L. Litaer aka the "Klingon Teacher from Germany" http://www.tlhInganHol.com http://klingon.wiki/En/TheKlingonWay
On 5/1/2023 1:44 PM, Lieven L. Litaer via tlhIngan-Hol wrote:
So if you want to stay in the game: Worf does not speak good Klingon, or has an unknown strange dialect, or has a terrible English accent.
I am happy to distinguish between Worf speaking Klingon and Michael Dorn not speaking Klingon. I also don't try to make the case that all the rocks on alien planets are made of styrofoam. That's not getting out of the game. That's recognizing the limitations of the medium. -- SuStel http://trimboli.name
Am 01.05.2023 um 19:53 schrieb SuStel via tlhIngan-Hol:
I am happy to distinguish between Worf speaking Klingon and Michael Dorn not speaking Klingon.
Am 01.05.2023 um 21:02 schrieb De'vID via tlhIngan-Hol:
That seems to be confusing Worf (the character) with Michael Dorn (the actor).
I understand what you mean. I think I should withdraw my statement. The only point of my message was to make clear that "TKW audio" is not good if you want to learn Klingon. From a merchandise point of view, I'm sure Worf is the better choice for a cover of a book, simply because he's the most known Klingon among mainstream viewers. I guess that's why he is on the cover of the German edition of CK, the cover of TNK, and Duolingo. -- Lieven L. Litaer aka the "Klingon Teacher from Germany" http://www.tlhInganHol.com http://klingon.wiki/En/Worf
On Mon, May 1, 2023 at 7:45 PM Lieven L. Litaer via tlhIngan-Hol < tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
So if you want to stay in the game: Worf does not speak good Klingon, or has an unknown strange dialect, or has a terrible English accent.
That seems to be confusing Worf (the character) with Michael Dorn (the actor). In-universe, Worf speaks Klingon in a way that other characters react to him as if he were a fluent Klingon speaker. There was a period during which he was considered an outcast, and none of the Klingons who mocked him commented on his inability to speak the language or having a Terran accent. Other presumably fluent Klingon characters, like Gowron or Martok, have also spoken "bad" (from a real-world point of view) Klingon, but we also accept that they're actually speaking "good" Klingon in-universe, and that our inability to understand them is due to regional variation or dialect. It's like those American movies where an American English-speaking actor is playing a German (or French or Russian or whatever) character, and throughout most of the movie, they're speaking English with a "German" accent. But for some pivotal scene, when they need to keep our hero (or the audience) in the dark, the character switches to speaking German. The actor may speak German very badly, but the audience is supposed to understand that the character is, in fact, speaking fluent German. Outside of the Klingonist community, most Star Trek fans assume that Michael Dorn is speaking "proper" Klingon in character as Worf. When people find out I know Klingon, they often say things like, "So you must understand everything that Worf says, right?" Like I said, whatever you may feel about Dorn's attitude or ability when it comes to Klingon, most Star Trek fans associate Worf with the language. -- De'vID
On Sun, Apr 30, 2023 at 10:27 AM Lieven L. Litaer via tlhIngan-Hol < tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
One other possibility is of course to make an "addendum" version book, which completes the 2nd edition instead of replacing it. Did anyone think about that?
*sigh* Yes, that's the backup plan. If we complete a draft of TKD3ed and the publisher doesn't want it, we discussed ripping out the "new" parts as a separate book. That's undesirable because (1) more work, and (2) you need two books instead of one for a description of the complete grammar. (Technically, you'd still need KGT as well, but the new TKD will refer to KGT in, e.g., section 4.2.8 {-neS}, so that you could *look things up* in TKD and be sure that it didn't miss anything.) -- De'vID
Well, first of all: THANK YOU! I think this is something most beginners like me were dreaming of! One of the biggest problems learning Klingon is that the information is *really* scattered and it's also difficult to know what's up to date.
I have to be able to convince the publisher that the new edition will sell better than the previous one. The book still has to be accessible to a general audience. Having 10 pages on how to compare two things in Klingon, or having a 400+ page book that explains how to use every verb in detail, might be desirable to hardcore Klingonists, but will likely be considered off-putting to a general audience. Peppering a shorter book with examples drawn from the movies/TV shows is more likely to result in it getting published.
I fully understand the problem, but: I would be really grateful if all the information which doesn't fit in the book was somehow accesible, say online. I would certainly pay for a digital copy of it.
I think you missed the nature of the suggestion. I think the suggestion was that it become a second addendum to the second edition. That may or may not be relevant. The reason the second edition had everything in an addendum is that, in those days, pages were printed with printing presses. You did all the electronic stuff to create all the text and illustrations and instead of using a laser printer to print the book, you created physical rotating drums that were inked and rolled over moving sheets of paper. It was cheaper to create more drums for the addendum pages and keep using the old drums for the first edition pages than it would have been to replace all the drums. I’m pretty sure that they print books electronically now. Maybe I’m wrong. Whenever old technologies have economic reasons to survive, they stick around. I’m not sure if the current TKD is a set of physical plates/drums or just a digital file sent to a printer. I was offered the plates for my guitar book once the publisher decided to not do a 3rd printing, but I didn’t own space big enough to store them, so when I decided to do an E-book through Apple Books via Lulu, I had to go back to the physical book, scan everything, separate the illustrations and text, re-edit the text to fix the errors I’d discovered years earlier and to get the text to flow better, reinsert the illustrations, etc., and even then, they wouldn’t take the original cover, so instead of paying Lulu for a new one I didn’t like as much, it has a plain, yellow cover and the 1st inside page has the old cover art… … but I digress. Anyway, the publisher would probably either start with a new book, if printing is more electronic, or add a second addendum if it is still mechanical. pItlh charghwI’ ‘utlh (ghaH, ghaH, -Daj)
On Apr 30, 2023, at 9:02 PM, De'vID via tlhIngan-Hol <tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
On Sun, Apr 30, 2023 at 10:27 AM Lieven L. Litaer via tlhIngan-Hol <tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org <mailto:tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org>> wrote:
One other possibility is of course to make an "addendum" version book, which completes the 2nd edition instead of replacing it. Did anyone think about that?
*sigh* Yes, that's the backup plan. If we complete a draft of TKD3ed and the publisher doesn't want it, we discussed ripping out the "new" parts as a separate book. That's undesirable because (1) more work, and (2) you need two books instead of one for a description of the complete grammar. (Technically, you'd still need KGT as well, but the new TKD will refer to KGT in, e.g., section 4.2.8 {-neS}, so that you could *look things up* in TKD and be sure that it didn't miss anything.)
-- De'vID _______________________________________________ tlhIngan-Hol mailing list tlhIngan-Hol@lists.kli.org http://lists.kli.org/listinfo.cgi/tlhingan-hol-kli.org
On 5/1/2023 9:14 AM, Will Martin via tlhIngan-Hol wrote:
The reason the second edition had everything in an addendum is that, in those days, pages were printed with printing presses. You did all the electronic stuff to create all the text and illustrations and instead of using a laser printer to print the book, you created physical rotating drums that were inked and rolled over moving sheets of paper. It was cheaper to create more drums for the addendum pages and keep using the old drums for the first edition pages than it would have been to replace all the drums.
I’m pretty sure that they print books electronically now.
Re-laying out a book, even electronically, keeps the process more or less the same. It's much easier to just add an addendum to the back than it is to lay out a whole book all over again. Whether it's done with physical plates or on a computer, it's labor-intensive. -- SuStel http://trimboli.name
On Sat, Apr 29, 2023 at 2:29 PM Will Martin via tlhIngan-Hol < tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
The 2nd Edition sold a lot more copies than the first did, and I doubt there were many who bought the first who didn’t also by the 2nd.
To quote Azetbur, ghu'maj Dayajbe'law'. I'm negotiating with people who have *the actual sales data*. I actually doubt that many people who bought the first edition also bought the second. Like SuStel, I think that the majority of people who bought TKD bought it as a novelty item and have never tried to learn Klingon seriously (and therefore wouldn't necessarily buy another copy, *unless* they were enticed with something like updated content that reflects the new shows they're currently watching). But whether your belief or mine is correct is meaningless if it isn't backed up by hard data. I cannot go to the publisher and tell them I think a 3rd edition will sell well because of somebody's *belief* that most people who already own a copy of TKD will buy another. -- De'vID
On Tue, Apr 25, 2023 at 11:31 PM Arttu Hiekkanen via tlhIngan-Hol < tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org> wrote:
2. Appendix should have a list of adverbs for quick glancing through. I find myself using http://klingon.wiki/En/Adverbial for reference.
Do other people also find this useful? There are a lot of adverbials now, compared to the previous edition, so obviously the full list can't be introduced at the start of section 5.4. Any other suggestions for lists of useful things for the appendix? Or any comments about the various charts and so on in the previous edition about how they are/aren't useful, could be arranged or organised better, or otherwise improved? -- De'vID
I agree it would be too much having them all at the beginning of the chapter, as it would fill an entire page (or more) and would be more than the actual text of the paragraph. For usage, I think it's much better to have only the examples, and a separate note pointing to the page at the end which has all the adverbials. An improvement of the list would be having the suffixes grouped by suffix type. Having them alphabetically is good for lookup when translating from Klingon, but when you are working on a Klingon translation, it's good for beginners to have a quick overview. Just like this, or similar. Don't need much space: Type Sort Suffixes 1 Size/Importance -'a', -Hom, -oy 2 Number -pu', -Du', -mey 3 Qualification -Hey, -qoq, -na' 4 Possession/Specification -wIj, -lIj, -vam, -vetlh 5 Syntactic Markers -Daq, -vo', -mo', -vaD, -'e' -- Lieven L. Litaer aka the "Klingon Teacher from Germany" http://www.tlhInganHol.com http://klingon.wiki/En/VerbSuffixes
I didn’t know of it before, but I do now and will use it! One suggestion: someone should add the Klingon word for adverbial {qunI’} to the page, perhaps in the first sentence. Searching {qunI’} in the search box came up with zero matches let alone this page. Voragh _________________________________________________ From: tlhIngan-Hol On Behalf Of De'vID via tlhIngan-Hol Sent: Thursday, May 18, 2023 10:25 PM On Tue, Apr 25, 2023 at 11:31 PM Arttu Hiekkanen via tlhIngan-Hol <tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org<mailto:tlhingan-hol@lists.kli.org>> wrote: 2. Appendix should have a list of adverbs for quick glancing through. I find myself using http://klingon.wiki/En/Adverbial<https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/klingon.wiki/En/Adverbial__;!!BpyFHLRN4TMTrA!4AVA_-KoLdhmI3oV6WoW74fs_fVSu-IYWP2SkCDzVFFe-FphoRAOofDGxDppbChnB4R5Pj8kTEy9XHEj9lwB0cfMo7G-$> for reference. Do other people also find this useful? There are a lot of adverbials now, compared to the previous edition, so obviously the full list can't be introduced at the start of section 5.4.
I just fixed that, but unfortunately, the software ignores the apostrophe (because it's part of the programming) so you will only find it when searching for *qunI* (withou apostrophe). The reason for the Klingon term not being there is because it is expected that most users of the wiki are beginners, so they would search for English terms rather than Klingon. But anyway, it's there now, and I think that's a good addition. I'll add that to the others pages as well. Am 19.05.2023 um 15:56 schrieb Steven Boozer via tlhIngan-Hol:
I didn’t know of it before, but I do now and will use it! One suggestion: someone should add the Klingon word for adverbial {qunI’} to the page, perhaps in the first sentence. Searching {qunI’} in the search box came up with zero matches let alone this page.
Voragh -- Lieven L. Litaer aka the "Klingon Teacher from Germany" http://www.tlhInganHol.com http://klingon.wiki/En/Adverbial
Thanks. I'll have to remember to omit the apostrophe in searches. Even though beginners won't know the Klingon terms, it's nice to add them to the relevant pages now that we have a lot more {pab buvmey} than the classic {wot, Dip, chuvmey je}. It's also a good way to learn the ones you don't know. Voragh ------------------------------Original Message------------------------------ From: tlhIngan-Hol On Behalf Of Lieven L. Litaer via tlhIngan-Hol Sent: Friday, May 19, 2023 11:20 AM I just fixed that, but unfortunately, the software ignores the apostrophe (because it's part of the programming) so you will only find it when searching for *qunI* (withou apostrophe). The reason for the Klingon term not being there is because it is expected that most users of the wiki are beginners, so they would search for English terms rather than Klingon. But anyway, it's there now, and I think that's a good addition. I'll add that to the others pages as well. Am 19.05.2023 um 15:56 schrieb Steven Boozer via tlhIngan-Hol:
I didn’t know of it before, but I do now and will use it! One suggestion: someone should add the Klingon word for adverbial < {qunI’} to the page, perhaps in the first sentence. Searching {qunI’} in the search box came up with zero matches let alone this page.
Voragh
On 4/24/2023 7:00 AM, De'vID via tlhIngan-Hol wrote:
Grammar: - Again, I've gone through Dr. Okrand's interviews in HolQeD, info revealed in the mailing list from the qep'a'mey and books authored by others, and the booklets from the Saarbrücken qepHom'a'. So I think I've got everything (in fact, we'll have to make editorial decisions to cut some things, e.g., the section on comparisons is way too long right now, compared to other points of grammar; and we can't possibly explain how every verb is used grammatically). But are there any particular sticky points of grammar that you believe need to be clarified? For example, those of you who deal often with beginners (e.g., the people who run Duolingo or various qepHommey), are there particular points which beginners are frequently confused about and could be better explained?
Here's an area that could use a bit of simple clarification: can we make our own compound nouns, or are they only for lexicalized items? What are the rules? For instance, are compounds allowed when the noun-noun relationship is genitive but not possessive? (Obviously, it would have to be couched in less technical terms.) -- SuStel http://trimboli.name
On 4/24/2023 7:00 AM, De'vID via tlhIngan-Hol wrote:
But are there any particular sticky points of grammar that you believe need to be clarified?
The noun suffix *-'e'* should be more clearly and accurately explained. The existing TKD only calls it "topic," but we know that when put on the object or subject of a "basic sentence" it really means focus. The difference between topic and focus should be explained. Speaking of which, the matter of whether you can just throw noun*'e'* at the front of any basic sentence to force contextualizing that sentence in terms of /noun/ should be addressed. If you can, a simple example would suffice. If you can't, a word to that effect should be mentioned. Oh, and it would be really nice if we got an "official" name for sentences built out of pronouns instead of verbs. Should they be called copulas? And there should be a note somewhere that when the rules talk about basic "sentences," they really mean any subordinate clauses: purpose clauses, relative clauses, and other subordinate clauses. I can't count how many times someone has challenged me to prove that you can put "sentence" conjunctions between subordinate clauses — there are plenty of examples, but it gets tiresome to show them over and over. -- SuStel http://trimboli.name
participants (12)
-
Alan Anderson -
Arttu Hiekkanen -
Brent Kesler -
De'vID -
Lieven L. Litaer -
luis.chaparro@web.de -
Melanie Roney -
Russ Perry Jr -
Steven Boozer -
SuStel -
sustel trimboli.name -
Will Martin