* {tlhoy jIpaS} "I'm excessively late" would work to express being late past some cutoff point
* {qaSuchmeH tlhoy jIpaS} would *not* work for your meaning of "I was too late to visit you", for the same reason which was the question that sparked that reply from Marc Okrand: "this sounds like I'm saying that I was intentionally very [or: excessively] late with the goal of my tardiness being that I visit you"
Marc Okrand wrote (of {qaSuchmeH jIpaSqu'}):
"Perhaps, then, a better English rendition of the Klingon sentence is "In order for me to visit you, I'll be very late." This suggests that the visit did or will take place (though later, perhaps, than desired), which is not the intended meaning."
Analogously, {qaSuchmeH tlhoy jIpaS} would mean "In order for me to visit you, I'll be excessively late". That is, it suggests that the visit did or will take place, and that it took place (or will take place) past some cutoff point.
Imagine if you had a friend who's always late to events, like she shows up to a party after everyone else has left. Normally, you miss her at the party because you show up on time, and leave before she arrives. But *in order to meet with her*, you deliberately show up to the party excessively late, when you know she will be there. That's the scenario that this sentence implies.
-- De'vID