On 11/16/2016 2:31 PM, David Holt wrote:

jatlh SuStel:


> Yes. Kirk doesn't need to fight alone; he is ordered to fight
> alone. nIteb Suv DevwI' net poQ/ra'/qap/raD/qaSmoH.
I don't see the difference.
vIleghnIS. = vIlegh net raD

«I need to see him/her.»


vIleghnIS
I need to see it
I have a personal requirement to see it, the fulfillment of which will result in personal benefit. No outside agency has imposed on me the task of seeing it.

vIlegh net raD
I am compelled to see it
Some agency forces me to see it. Whether I derive any benefit from seeing it is completely irrelevant.

vIlegh net poQ
I am required to see it
Some agency demands that I see it; I may or may not do so. Whether I derive any benefit from seeing it is completely irrelevant.

And so on for all your examples. They are not equal. The English text chosen is irrelevant, because English need, must, and have to are often used interchangeably, even though they do have distinct meanings.

If you see me dancing up and down, you might conclude that puch vIlo'nIS I need to use the toilet. Going to the bathroom will result in the benefit of not peeing in my pants, but no one is requiring me to go. If you're my boss and you tell me puch yIlo' use the toilet! I can now truthfully say puch vIlo' net poQ I am required to use the bathroom, because you are the outside agency making the demand, and it's my job to do what you say, regardless of the state of or danger to my pants. I can also continue to say puch vIlo'nIS, because my own personal need has not disappeared, but it says nothing about your demand.

If you, my boss, were to tell me, javmaH tat chu'wI' tIje' buy sixty ion triggers! but I find the buying of ion triggers a despicable act, I can truthfully say that javmaH tat chu'wI' vIje' net poQ 'ach vIje'nISqu'be' I am required to buy sixty ion triggers but I don't need to buy them. I don't personally have any such need, but I do have to do it anyway.

-- 
SuStel
http://trimboli.name