On 12/1/2016 11:36 AM, Anthony Appleyard wrote:
What is the Klingon for "each" as distinct from "all" or "every" and such? I get the impression that English "each" is a singular which is to be taken as meaning one, then another, then another, and so on, of a stated group, like a computer language statement that means "for j = 1, 2, 3, etc, to n repeat/iterate the following statements".

"Tthe men had a phaser" could mean that the whole group had one phaser between them.

"The men had phasers" could mean that some of thee group had phasers.

"Each man in the group had a phaser" would mean and be shorthand for:"John had a phaser; Peter had a phaser; Baz had a phaser; Steve had a phaser; ....etc...." iterated across the whole group.

You can add the word Hoch before a noun to mean either "each noun" or "all ," depending on whether the noun has a plural suffix on it.

Hoch loD
each man (taken individually)

Hoch loDpu'
all men (taken as a group)

So we can say:

wa' pu'HIch ghaj Hoch loD
each man has one phaser

wa' pu'HIch ghaj Hoch loDpu'
(the group of) all the men have one phaser

But the Klingon allows for the same ambiguity that English does:

pu'HIch ghaj Hoch loD
each man has a phaser/phasers

pu'HIch ghaj Hoch loDpu'
(the group of) all the men have a phaser/phasers (Does each have his own phaser? Do only some of the men have phasers? Do some men have more phasers than others? The sentence doesn't say.)

We also have the word ngIq singular one, individual one, which is used to refer to a group in which each member is acted on sequentially.

ngIq nuv luHoH
they kill the warriors one by one

-- 
SuStel
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