qen jIjatlhpu’ DoyIchlan Dabbogh 'eSpanya'ngan jIH. DaH loQ SepwIj vIrIch vIneH. 'ewrop DIvI' loch 'eSpanya', qaStaHvIS DIS 1986 lochchoHpu'. SepwIjvaD QaQqu' ghu'vam, vurchoHlaHpu' 'eSpanya'. wa' nugh 'oH 'ewrop'e', 'ach nugh law' yugh. Sepmey tInqu' nganpu'vaD chaq jum ngoDvam. Do'Ha' 'ev chan 'ev mIp law' tIng chan tIng mIp puS. vummeH, ghu'vammo' 'ev chan 'ev lujaH nuv law'. ro' mojchugh ghIt, qabqu' 'ev chan 'ev muD. ghIQmeH, tIng chan tIng lujaH nuv law'. nuvvamvaD roD Daj je tIng chan tIng yIn. boqyIn rur ghu'vam. As usual, I would appreciate any help / correction in order to improve my Klingon. I also have three questions: 1. With *'ewrop DIvI' loch 'eSpanya', qaStaHvIS DIS 1986 lochchoHpu'* I tried to get the meaning of *since*. Is there another way to say it (*since a point in the past till now*)?
This is pretty much how I'd do it. You don't need the qaStaHvIS, though: a time expression is enough to say that something happened at a particular time: DIS 1986 lochchoHpu' it became a constituent in the year 1986.
You could shorten this even more if you want: DIS 1986 'ewrop DIvI' lochchoHpu' 'eSpanya' Spain became a constituent of the European Union in the year 1986.
If you want to emphasize that it is still a member, you could say
DIS 1986 'ewrop DIvI' lochchoHpu' 'eSpanya'; DaHjaj lochtaH. Spain
became a constituent of the European Union in the year 1986;
it remains a constituent today.
2. I was not sure if *loch* only works for mathematics and *yugh* only for chemistry. If it is so, how could I say *be a part / member of* and *consist of* in Klingon?
I think loch works fine here. We are told that loch
is used in mathematics, but we aren't told that loch is only
used in mathematics.
3. With *SepwIjvaD QaQqu' ghu'vam* I mean *this situation IS very good for my country*. But if I want to say that the fact of becoming a member of the European Union WAS very good for my country, would something like *QaQpu'qu' ngoDvam* work? I'm actually thinking of the Spanish form *fue* (perfective), which I would use here instead of *era* (imperfective), but I don't know if this works in Klingon similarly.
If you want to talk about states, use ghu'. If you want
to talk about events, use wanI'. If you want to talk about
general facts, use ngoD. But don't overuse them: they're
not pronouns.
So if you want to say that Spain's member status is good, say QaQ
ghu' the situation is good. If you want to say
Spain's joining was good, say QaQ wanI'. You can also be
more specific, saying things like QaQ muvpu'ghach
having joined was good or QaQ lochchoHghach
becoming a member was good.
Don't use perfective here: the joining being good hasn't ended. The joining has, but the being good hasn't. You can look back on the joining and still see that it was good.
-- SuStel http://trimboli.name