In the right context, or if they're aware of it as a phrase from canon, readers will understand the intended meaning of romuluSngan Sambogh 'ej HoHbogh nejwI'. Since Okrand wrote it, we know it's a grammatical expression and that Klingons consider the phrasing stylistically acceptable. But I don't think it's necessarily the best way to express that idea, because it can be misinterpreted.

Is it any more ambiguous than the English Romulan hunter-killer probe? Is that a hunter-killer probe that hunts and kills Romulans or a hunter-killer probe of Romulan make? Why isn't it a hunter-killer Romulan probe? Doesn't hunter-killer Romulan probe sound just plain WRONG to you, even though it can't be misinterpreted?

Here's why it sounds wrong (there are alternative versions of this): http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/about-adjectives-and-adverbs/adjectives-order

In this scheme, Romulan is type 7 (origin) and hunter-killer is type 10 (purpose).

Does Klingon obey those rules? No idea. But when a native English speaker invents the language and translates into it, it's possible that he is unconsciously following those rules. I wouldn't declare this sort of thing solved, but it's worth examining Okrand's possible biases in this light.

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SuStel
http://trimboli.name