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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">ghunchu’wI’ had a relevant conversation with Okrand:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">(ghunchu'wI', 7/16/2012): I once ordered {bIQ neH} to drink at a restaurant. Marc Okrand, sitting across the table from me, suggested that I really meant {bIQ mob}. That
would have been proper if I were not having anything else. As I did intend to order food as well, however, my usage was correct. I wanted 'mere water' as opposed to “water alone”.<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">FYI {mob} “be alone” in canon:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Heghlu'DI' mobbe'lu'chugh QaQqu' Hegh wanI'
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Death is an experience best shared. (TKW)<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">mob qeylIS ngeng HeHDaq yIt
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">And Kahless was alone walking along the shore (PB)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">(Lieven, qepHom 2017, 11/2017): An odd number is {mI' mob}. An even number is {mI' mobHa'}.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><br>
And don’t forget the adverbial {nIteb} “alone, acting alone, on one's own”:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">jagh DajeymeH nIteb yISuvrup
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">To defeat the enemy, be ready to fight alone. PK<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">nIteb SuvnIS DevwI'
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">A leader must stand alone ("A leader must fight alone").TKW<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">nIteb DujlIj yIchIj
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Navigate your vessel alone. TKW<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">nIteb Qob qaD jup 'e' chaw'be' SuvwI'
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">A warrior does not let a friend face danger alone. TKW<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">nIteb peghoS, HatlhDaq peleng
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">to go their separate ways, and travel the lands. PB<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">nIteb chegh molor ngIq ghoqwI'
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">One by one Molor's scouts return PB<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">jachDI' qa'rol yIwuq | nIteb bIwuqnIS | ngeD Qu'vam
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Decide when the {qa'rol} cries, The choice is yours, And it is obvious. PB<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">nIteb 'atlantIq bIQ'a' chIqbogh 'orwI' wa'DIch mojta'
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">he became the first pilot to cross the Atlantic Ocean solo (</span>NASM, Spirit of St. Louis<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">--<br>
Voragh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> tlhIngan-Hol
<b>On Behalf Of </b>De'vID<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, July 4, 2022 4:41 PM<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">On Mon., Jul. 4, 2022, 14:48 D qunen'oS, <<a href="mailto:mihkoun@gmail.com" target="_blank">mihkoun@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">puq neH ghaH<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">he is only a child<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">I think your English translation is misleading. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">{neH} after a verb trivialises it. In your sentence, the pronoun is acting as a verb. "He is only a child", in the sense of "He is merely a child", would be {puq ghaH neH}.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">{neH} after a noun has a restrictive sense. Consider that {yaS neH} means "only the officer", "the officer alone". {puq neH ghaH} means "He is only a child" in the sense of "He is a child alone", "He is a child
(and nothing else)".<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">Which meaning do you intend by "he is only a child"?<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">But why can't it mean too "he is the only child", as in "the only child of two parents"?<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">Because, following a noun, {neH} means "only" in the sense of "only X (and nothing else)", and not "the only X (and there are no other Xs)". <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">For example, {yaS neH yIHoH} means "kill only the officer" (i.e., there are multiple people, and the order is to kill the one who is an officer, but not the others). It does not mean "kill the only officer".
(Of course, if there's a group of people only one of which is an officer, the effect is the same.)<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">You *can* express the concept of "the only child of two parents" using {neH}: {wa' puq neH lughaj chaH} "they have only the one child", "they have one child alone", "they have one child (and nothing else)".<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">Similarly, we have the {jonta' neH} for "only the engine". But why can't it mean too "the only engine"?<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">Because of the meaning of {neH}.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">-- <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:4.0pt">De'vID<o:p></o:p></p>
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