<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><br></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Sat, 11 Jun 2022 at 08:58, De'vID <<a href="mailto:de.vid.jonpin@gmail.com">de.vid.jonpin@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr">These are the examples we have of {'e' Xlu'}. The first two are from TKW and the third is from Klingon Monopoly.<br></div><div><div><br></div><div>yay chavlu' 'e' bajnISlu'. - The victory must be earned by the one who achieves it.<br></div><div>yInlu'taH 'e' bajnISlu'. - The survival must be earned by the one who survives.<br></div><div>DIvI' rojmab qep ghanglu' 'e' nIDlu', 'ach taH qep. - One tries to end the peace talks. (This can't be interpreted as someone trying to get someone else to end the peace talks. The trier is the ender.)<br></div><div><br></div><div>What the latest information says is that these sentences are part of a larger pattern that includes these:</div><div><br></div></div><div>batlhHa' vanglu'taHvIS quv chavbe'lu'. - The one who acts dishonourably is the one who does not achieve honour.<br></div><div>Heghlu'DI' mobbe'lu'chugh QaQqu' Hegh wanI'. - The one who dies is the one who is not alone.<br></div><div>noH QapmeH wo' Qaw'lu'chugh yay chavbe'lu' 'ej wo' choqmeH may' DoHlu'chugh lujbe'lu'. - The one who destroys an empire is the one who doesn't achieve victory, the one who retreats is the one who doesn't lose.<br></div><div>pujwI' HIvlu'chugh quvbe'lu'. - If one attacks the weak, the same one does not achieve honour.<br></div><div>'oy'be'lu'chugh Qapbe'lu'. - One does not succeed if the same one does not experience pain.</div></div>
</blockquote></div><div><br></div>Oh, I just also realised: this new information also explains why it's {batlh Heghlu'chugh noDnISbe' vay'} and not {batlh Heghlu'chugh noDnISbe'lu'}. <br clear="all"><div><br></div><div>If we didn't know that the two instances of {-lu'} refer back to the same indefinite subject in the latter sentence, we might ask why it isn't {noDnISbe'lu'} since it apparently means the same thing as {noDnISbe' vay'}. With this new knowledge, it's obvious: the one who dies can't be the one who takes (or does not need to take) revenge!</div><div><br></div><div>It's kind of surprising that this sentence was published in TKW (1996), and its grammar wasn't fully understood (or explained) until now! </div><div><br></div><div><div>(Or is the fact that multiple uses of {-lu'} in a complex sentence refer back to the same indefinite subject known information that I've missed? I was surprised to learn it.)</div><div><br></div></div><div>I wonder how many hidden rules there are in canon sentences which are clear in retrospect? (I guess that {-taHjaj} being allowed would be another case, once we find out the circumstances under which {-taHjaj} is allowed...)</div><div><br></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature">De'vID</div></div>