<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
</head>
<body>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 5/19/2022 10:57 AM, D qunen'oS
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CAP7F2cL-KYhsmofdt=RbAZHPsOnJj1_g+qokT85-aP1ypNWTPg@mail.gmail.com">
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<div dir="auto">SuStel:
<div dir="auto">> These two sentences mean the same</div>
<div dir="auto">> thing, but you would generally see it</div>
<div dir="auto">> expressed as the latter.</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">Ok, I understand this, thanks. But there's
something else I'm wondering too.</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">Suppose I take the sentence {puqvaD paq luyajmoH
ghojmoHwI'} and rewrite it omitting the {puqvaD}:</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">paq luyajmoH ghojmoHwI'<br>
</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">Could this new sentence mean too "the teachers
cause someone unspecified to understand the book"?</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">Or is that the only thing it can mean is "the
teachers cause the book to understand" as if the book was
alive or something?</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<p>Yes, it can mean "The teachers cause someone unspecified to
understand the book."</p>
<p>Please understand that <b>-moH</b> is not the "shift subject
into object" suffix. It is the "subject does not do the thing but
causes the thing to be done" suffix. What happens with the object
depends largely on what you want to say.</p>
<p><b>paq vIyajmoH.</b> This doesn't mean I understand the book, it
means I cause understanding of the book. It might also mean I
cause the book to understand, but that's probably a nonsense
interpretation.</p>
<p>As a general pattern in Klingon, when the subject causes the
action to be performed instead of performing it, the "object"
could be either the direct object (that which the action is
performed upon) or the indirect object (that which receives the
result of the action). Both are "objects" in Klingon. Use common
sense to distinguish which one is meant. Potentially, mark the
indirect object explicitly with <b>-vaD, </b>because that's
something that Klingon does. When you have both a direct and
indirect object, you <i>must</i> mark the indirect object with <b>-vaD</b>
to distinguish it from the direct object. That's where we get <b>ghaHvaD
quHDaj qawmoH.</b></p>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
SuStel
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://trimboli.name">http://trimboli.name</a></pre>
</body>
</html>