<html><head></head><body><div class="yahoo-style-wrap" style="font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:13px;"><div dir="ltr"><div></div>>Date: Wed, 29 Dec 2021 10:05:59 +0100<br></div><div id="ydp5265286cyahoo_quoted_1447583766" class="ydp5265286cyahoo_quoted"><div style="font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:13px;color:#26282a;"><div><div dir="ltr">>From: "De'vID" <<a href="mailto:de.vid.jonpin@gmail.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">de.vid.jonpin@gmail.com</a>><br></div>>Subject: Re: [tlhIngan Hol] Introducing oneself in Klingon: Beginner's<br><div dir="ltr"> question<br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>>> and "Hello, my name is Kate Stewart" would be *Kate Stewart pongwIj*. Am I</div><div dir="ltr">>> correct?<br></div><div dir="ltr">>><br></div><div dir="ltr">><br></div><div dir="ltr">>This would very probably be understood, and might even be accepted as<br></div><div dir="ltr">>correct "clipped Klingon", but the non-clipped, grammatically<br></div><div dir="ltr">>uncontroversial version would be: {Kate Stewart 'oH pongwIj'e'}.<br></div><div dir="ltr">><br></div><div dir="ltr">>I'm not aware of any examples of the pronoun and {-'e'} being dropped in a<br></div><div dir="ltr">>copula construction in clipped Klingon, except when the subject is a<br></div><div dir="ltr">>question word. ({Dochvam nuq} from Conversational Klingon looks like it is<br></div><div dir="ltr">>the clipped form of {Dochvam 'oH nuq'e'}, even though the grammar isn't<br></div><div dir="ltr">>explained explicitly.)</div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div><br></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">So let me get this straight . . . sentences with a would-be copula require a pronoun and -'e' in the <span><span>subject</span></span> . . . so *Jim Miller jIH* doesn't need an -'e' because *jIH* already is a pronoun, whereas *<span>Kate Stewart 'oH pongwIj'e'* needs a subject pronoun *'oH* and an -'e' because "Kate Stewart", the subject, is a noun and not a pronoun?</span><br></div></div>
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