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<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 10/31/2021 7:38 PM, Alan Anderson
wrote:<br>
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<div dir="ltr">On Sun, Oct 31, 2021 at 6:12 PM Will Martin <<a
href="mailto:willmartin2@mac.com" moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-freetext">willmartin2@mac.com</a>>
wrote:<br>
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<div>If we had a verb for “be alarmed”, you could say,
{yI-[be alarmed]Qo’}, but the verb is {ghum} — “alarm,
sound an alarm”. In a Statement, we could build “be
alarmed” out of {glumlu’}, but when you put the {yI-} on
it, the subject is expected to be the First Person.</div>
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<div>Or you could say {yay'} "be shocked, dumbfounded" or
{bIt} "be nervous, uneasy". The English "be alarmed" doesn't
really have anything to do with alarms.<br>
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<p>Agreed. <b>ghum</b> refers to becoming aware of something; <i>alarmed</i>
has to do with an emotional state.</p>
<p>I would have no trouble reading <b>bItqu' </b>as <i>be
alarmed.</i> Nervousness or uneasiness, taken to an extreme,
could be a state of alarm.<br>
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<div>{yI-} is *not* a First Person prefix, but I will assume
you know it's Second Person subject and just misspoke.</div>
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<div>Well, the statement “I am alarmed,” would be
{vIghumlu’} or “-indefinite subject- alarms me."<br>
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<div>Does the imperative prefix do the same {-lu’} trick
pointing to the object instead of the subject? Is
{yIghumlu’} valid for “Be alarmed!”?</div>
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I'm going to have to go with an unequivocal "No". The
indefinite subject suffix doesn't "point" the meaning of a
word to anything that the word doesn't normally point to. It
*always* means the subject is indefinite. That is completely
incompatible with imperatives, which *always* have a
second-person subject.</div>
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<p>Agreed. Imperative impersonal subject makes no semantic sense in
Klingon.</p>
<p>I might translate this as <b>yIbItqu'Qo'</b> or <b>yIbItHa'qu''eghmoH.</b><br>
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<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
SuStel
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://trimboli.name">http://trimboli.name</a></pre>
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