<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, Jul 20, 2020 at 8:16 AM mayqel qunen'oS <<a href="mailto:mihkoun@gmail.com">mihkoun@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Recently, it occurred to me that we usually use (or that at least I<br>
use..) the epithets on their own. For example {petaQ ghaH}, {petaQvam<br>
yIbuSHa'}, {ghe''or jaHjaj yIntaghvam}, etc.<br>
<br>
But could we use an epithet as the first noun in a noun-noun<br>
construction, in the same way that we use the {baS} in {baS 'In} ?<br>
Could we say for example {petaQ 'orwI'vam} for "this petaQ pilot" ? Or<br>
is it that saying {petaQ 'orwI'vam} would actually mean "this petaQ<br>
person pilot", in the case where the {petaQ} word "includes" the<br>
concept of the "person" ?<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" class="gmail_default">The epithets were originally listed as <b>chuvmey</b> and not as nouns. However, here are a handful of stanzas from the paq'batlh where <b>petaQ</b> is clearly used as a noun -- taking noun suffixes, and being used in a sentence as a subject or object, like a noun.</div><div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" class="gmail_default"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><b>jach veqlargh jatlh</b><br><b> muqaD vay' 'ej ghe'tor 'el porgh</b><br><b> nuqDaq ghaH petaQ'e'</b><br><br><i>He screamed: “Where is the p'takh</i><br><i>
Who dares to enter Gre'thor</i><br><i>
Within a body?!</i><br></blockquote>(PB, p. 106-107)<br><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><b>petaQvam vIqopbej</b><br><b>
QIt ghaHvaD yIn Hegh je vIghojmoH</b><br><b>
'ej 'oy' SIQ ghaH</b><br><br><i>I will bring this p'takh to justice</i><br><i>
And teach him life and death,</i><br><i>
The slow and painful way!</i><br></blockquote>(PB, p. 108-109)<br><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><b>nItlhejbogh petaQmey</b><br><b>
tInuD chaHvaD</b><br><b>
nIb yan wIjwI' jan je</b><br><br><i>Look at these p'takhs at your side,</i><br><i>
They don’t know how to distinguish</i><br><i>
A sword from a plough!</i><br></blockquote>(PB, p. 142-143)<br><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><b>petaQ'a' SoH</b><br><b>
bIlay'DI' qaHarbe'</b><br><b>
quv HIja'chuqQo</b>'<br><br><i>You dirty p'takh,</i><br><i>
Your word means nothing to me,</i><br><i>
Don’t speak to me of honor!</i><br></blockquote>(PB, q. 156-157) (Also, an interesting example for the "prefix trick with type-1 verb suffix" canon.)</div><div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" class="gmail_default"><br></div><div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" class="gmail_default">In a noun-noun construction, I imagine it would work just like any other noun. A <b>petaQ</b> <b>'orwI'vam</b> would be, in the most nonspecific sense, this pilot who has something to do with p'tahks. Perhaps the pilot is themselves a p'takh, or maybe their passengers are exclusively p'tahks, or perhaps the aircraft they pilot is a p'tahk somehow. If you are currently angry at the pilot, it would be clear from context that you're probably calling them a pilot who is also a p'tahk. You could also phrase or interpret it as an appositive phrase instead<b>:</b> "The p'takh, this pilot, did such-and-such..." Also, <b>petaQ</b> wouldn't be an adjective. I think the grammatical term is "noun modifier" or the like. But I know what you meant. </div><div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" class="gmail_default"><br></div><div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" class="gmail_default">I think it's probably fine. We might learn that Klingons would phrase it differently, but I think the point would still get across. (Precise grammar is not always at the front of your mind when you're really angry at someone...)<br></div><br></div></div>