<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">ngoDvam Daj Datu’mo’ qatlho’.<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">‘op Hu’ choH yaHwIj Daq. DaH ngaSwI’meyDaq bIHtaH Hoch paqwIj. ngoDlIj vI’ollaHbe’. TKD vItu’DI’ vI’ol vIneH. nav yIngu’.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">qaHonbe’. qavoqbej, ‘ach <<yIvoq ‘ach yI’ol>> net Sov.<br class=""><div class=""><br class=""><div class="">
<div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;">charghwI’ vaghnerya’ngan<br class=""><br class="">rInpa’ bomnIS be’’a’ pI’.</div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><br class=""></div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"></div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
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<div><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Jan 24, 2020, at 9:51 AM, nIqolay Q <<a href="mailto:niqolay0@gmail.com" class="">niqolay0@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">The discussion of {rIntaH} from TKD:<br class=""><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">The meaning of {-ta'} can also be indicated syntactically. That is, instead of using the suffix {-ta',} a special verbal construction can follow the verb which indicates the accomplished action. This special verb is {rIn} <be finished, accomplished,> and in this usage it always takes the suffix {-taH} <continuous> (see below) and the third-person pronominal prefix (0).<br class=""></blockquote><br class="">The discussion of {qar'a'} from TKDa:<br class=""><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">This word either follows the verb or else comes at the end of the sentence. Both of the following are correct:<br class=""><br class=""> {De' Sov qar'a' HoD}<br class=""> {De' Sov HoD qar'a'} <The captain knows the information, right?> ({De'} <information,> {Sov} <he/she knows it,> {HoD} <captain>)<br class=""></blockquote><br class="">MO uses "follow the verb" to refer to the placement of both constructions. In the {qar'a'} example {De' Sov qar'a' HoD}, the special construction described as following the verb comes before the explicit subject {HoD}. It seems reasonable to assume that when MO speaks of a special verb construction following the verb, he means right after the verb and before the subject. {rIntaH} is a special verb construction that follows the verb, so I conclude it would go before the subject: {qa'vam De' je' rIntaH valQIS.}<br class=""></div></div></div><br class=""><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Jan 24, 2020 at 9:27 AM SuStel <<a href="mailto:sustel@trimboli.name" class="">sustel@trimboli.name</a>> wrote:<br class=""></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<div class="">
<div class="">On 1/24/2020 9:00 AM, mayqel qunen'oS
wrote:<br class="">
</div>
<blockquote type="cite" class="">
<pre class="">Personally, I'd prefer placing it right after the noun, because it
<b class=""><span class="">*</span>feels<span class="">*</span></b> more direct, and the meaning of the sentence becomes
immediately clearer, especially in cases where we don't have a
"simple" subject, but a more "complex" one, as for instance noun-noun
constructions, {-meH}ed nouns, {-bogh}ed nouns, or even an entire
{-bogh} phrase with it's own subject and object.
Now, one could perhaps argue that klingons wouldn't use "complex" subjects..</pre>
</blockquote><p class="">Except we see plenty of such subjects. Two examples:<br class="">
</p>
<ul class="">
<li class="">Noun-noun, relative clause with subject and object,
apposition, title: <b class=""><span style="color:rgb(34,34,34);font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:left;text-indent:24px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255);text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial;display:inline;float:none" class="">yejquv DevwI' moj ghawran 'e'
wuqta'<span class=""> </span></span></b><b class="">cho' 'oDwI' Dapu'bogh
janluq pIqarD HoD</b> (Skybox S25)</li>
<li class="">Purpose clause: <b class="">jIpaSqu'mo' narghpu' qaSuchmeH 'eb</b>
(newsgroup)</li>
</ul><p class="">If one argues that Klingons don't use these constructions in
subjects, one is wrong.<br class="">
</p>
<pre cols="72" class="">--
SuStel
<a href="http://trimboli.name/" target="_blank" class="">http://trimboli.name</a></pre>
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