<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, Oct 16, 2019 at 3:46 PM SuStel <<a href="mailto:sustel@trimboli.name">sustel@trimboli.name</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
  
    
  
  <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><p>I understand how the English means that; I don't see how the
      Klingon means that. </p></div></blockquote><div><div>Simple: It means that, because Okrand has been using that Klingon construction to mean that.<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"> Either the Klingon sentences that use it are wrong, including the most famous Klingon aphorism, or he is using an additional meaning of <b>-meH</b>, besides "in order to", that he hasn't talked about.</span><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"> </span><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Until someone asks him about it, we're left to deduce its usage and meaning from the examples we have. I can think of four at the moment:<br></span></div><div><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span></div><ol><li><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><b>qIpmeH Qatlh'a'</b><i> Difficult to hit?</i> (ST5)<br></span></li><li><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><b>Heghlu'meH QaQ jajvam </b><i>Today is a good day to die.</i> (TKW)<br></span></li><li><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><b>tlhutlhmeH HIq ngeb qaq law' bIQ qaq puS</b> <i>Drinking fake ale is better than drinking water.</i> (TKW)</span><b><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span></b></li><li><b><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span>QaQ qeylIS Duj / ghe'tor 'elmeH / yapbe' may' 'e' Sovchu'</b> <i>Kahless knows by instinct / A fight will not suffice / To enter the land of the dead.</i> (PB 96-96)</li></ol><div><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span></div><div><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span></div></div><div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" class="gmail_default">From the translations, we know that these constructions are intended to discuss the subject's suitability for achieving the purpose in the purpose clause. So this must be another use of purpose clauses, even if we don't know the details. <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span>It's still being used to <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">talk about</span> purposes, just in a different way, so it's possible <span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">he didn't think of it as a special case of purpose clauses that he needed to discuss explicitly.</span><span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"> </span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>