<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></div></div><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, May 14, 2019 at 10:51 AM Daniel Dadap <<a href="mailto:daniel@dadap.net">daniel@dadap.net</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><div dir="ltr"></div><div dir="ltr"></div><div>Except that the usual context in which English loses aspiration on aspirate stops (when they are part of a consonant cluster with an initial /s/) is illegal in Klingon phonology.<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"> </span>But maybe Morskan allows more types of consonant clusters than standard Klingon does, if “Morska” is a semi-faithful rendition of what Morskans call their home. The speaker was Dr. Okrand himself, and the lack of aspiration was systematic enough that it seemed quite intentional. (FWIW at least one of the apparently non-aspirated /p/ sounds might have been a /b/, but it’s a little hard to tell.)</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><div></div><div><div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" class="gmail_default">Word-final stops are also frequently unaspirated in English, though not as consistently as they are in consonant clusters with /p/. Does Dr. Okrand usually aspirate his word-final /p/s? Since aspiration isn't phonemic in either English or Klingon, it's possible he just pronounced the letter how he was used to instead of strictly going by-the-book. IIRC, he also doesn't consistently trill or roll his {r}s. (In other words, since some of the sounds of Klingon are pretty close to, but not exactly the same as, sounds in English, it's possible Okrand sometimes reverts to English pronuncation now and then.)<br></div><div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" class="gmail_default"><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" class="gmail_default">I’ve had the same thought. I think you’ve said that before, too, so I’m
not sure whether I had the thought independently or because of you. I
have also thought it quite likely that this particular phonetic change
is also the reason they’re called “Klingons”, if other spacefaring races
first made contact with Klingons living in the outskirts of the empire.</div></blockquote><div><br></div><div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" class="gmail_default">I've also had similar thoughts on the origin of "gladst". <b>jaSHa' Qubba' yabDu' Dun. </b><br></div><div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" class="gmail_default"><br></div><div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" class="gmail_default">That's also an interesting point about the word "Klingon" itself. (Or perhaps the first Klingons encountered by the Federation were Klingonaase speakers being expelled to the fringes...)<br></div></div> </div></div></div></div></div>