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<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 10/14/2018 4:13 AM, mayqel qunenoS
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CAP7F2cJNWaaSQgsJ0RZJSx=3Hx-ZkK_5WcPoakiiViyL2a_2jQ@mail.gmail.com">
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<div dir="auto">Two computer enginneers examine a malfunctioning
computer. And one of them says, believing he identified the
problem, "its the hard DISC", saying the word "disc" a little
louder. This is what I understand when I read "stress of a
word/syllable".</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
<p>As a computer engineer myself, I would never say <i>hard DISK;</i>
I would always say <i>HARD disk.</i></p>
<p> There is a phenomenon in English, whose technical term I cannot
remember now, in which noun phrases that become lexicalized in the
language have the stress shifted to the front. There is an example
I heard from an old sitcom, I think it was <i>Seinfeld,</i> in
which the characters are all saying "Chinese FOOD." The phrase
hadn't quite solidified as a lexical item. Now that it has,
everyone says "CHINESE food."</p>
<p>Well, it's like that with <i>hard disk.</i> When the concept was
new, people might have said <i>hard DISK,</i> but now no native
English-speaking engineer would every say that; the phrase is <i>HARD
disk.</i></p>
<p>I can't tell you what they're saying over in Greece, of course,
but this is the case as I know it here in New York.</p>
<p>English accomplishes a lot with stress that its speakers don't
even realize is happening. Another pattern is that multisyllabic
noun-verb pairs like <i>record</i> or <i>increase:</i> when
they're nouns the stress is on the first syllable <i>(REcord;
INcrease);</i> when they're verbs the stress is on the second
syllable <i>(reCORD; inCREASE).</i></p>
<p>Klingon does not seem to have these features, so far as we can
tell.<br>
</p>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CAP7F2cJNWaaSQgsJ0RZJSx=3Hx-ZkK_5WcPoakiiViyL2a_2jQ@mail.gmail.com">
<div dir="auto">
<div dir="auto">However, in the previous example, if one of the
engineers wonders whether its the hard disc which causes the
malfunction, he can say "the hard disc ?". And because he is
asking, his voice will pronounce the word "disc", with a
"rising tone".</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
<p><i>Tone</i> is the right word, and is a different phenomenon than
stress. We haven't been told anything about tones in Klingon, but
actors have generally used English-sounding tones. They are not
universal across languages, however.<br>
</p>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CAP7F2cJNWaaSQgsJ0RZJSx=3Hx-ZkK_5WcPoakiiViyL2a_2jQ@mail.gmail.com">
<div dir="auto">However, I notice that on numerous occasions of
videos I see on youtube, the voice of the speaker does indeed
assume a "rising tone". Something which seems to happen not only
with the {-be'}, but with other suffixes as well, which happen
to bear the qaghwI' and be the last syllable of a word. </div>
</blockquote>
<br>
<p>Usually what I hear isn't a rising tone in the manner of a
question, but it is a higher tone nonetheless. If you listen to
all of Okrand's recorded voice, you'll usually hear him do it too.
Once in a while you'll hear something else, but stressed syllables
usually receive a higher tone.</p>
<p>Whether this is a feature of the language, a mistake, or
irrelevant to native speakers is unknown. <i>The Klingon
Dictionary</i> leaves the matter of stress vague, and doesn't
mention tone at all.<br>
</p>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CAP7F2cJNWaaSQgsJ0RZJSx=3Hx-ZkK_5WcPoakiiViyL2a_2jQ@mail.gmail.com">
<div dir="auto">I can't believe that all those people are doing it
wrong</div>
</blockquote>
<p>I can totally believe that random videos on the Internet get
Klingon pronunciation consistently wrong. There is a lot of REALLY
bad Klingon out there.<br>
</p>
<p>Some common pronunciation errors committed by students who
haven't had much speaking practice:</p>
<ul>
<li>Pronouncing <b>j</b> as <i>zh</i></li>
<li>Pronouncing <b>H</b> as <i>h</i></li>
<li>Pronouncing <b>Q</b> or <b>q</b> as <i>k</i></li>
<li>Being unable to pronounce <b>gh</b> or <b>tlh</b> at all<br>
</li>
<li>Trying to pronounce the vowels too far back in the mouth, to
the point of practically choking on them<br>
</li>
<li>Ignoring <b>qaghwI'mey</b> completely, especially at the ends
of words</li>
<li>Trying to growl or roar when speaking, because they think
that's what Klingon is</li>
<li>Holding syllables too long</li>
<li>Pronouncing unstressed syllables with a schwa vowel instead of
the given vowel</li>
<li>Shifting consonants across syllable boundaries</li>
<li>Just giving up completely and making up syllables<br>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Add to this list "Stressing the wrong syllables."<br>
</p>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
SuStel
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://trimboli.name">http://trimboli.name</a></pre>
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