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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A">Some more examples of {-qu’} (emphatic) on action verbs (i.e. not qualities):<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:Courier">nom yIghoSqu'</span></b><span style="font-family:Courier">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Maximum speed. (ST5 notes)<br>
<br>
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:Courier">maHeghbejqu' <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">It's certain death. (ST5 notes)<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:Courier">qIrq wItlha'taHqu'</span></b><span style="font-family:Courier">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Where Kirk goes, we follow. (ST5 notes)<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:Courier">qara'qu'</span></b><span style="font-family:Courier">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">That's an order. (ST5 notes)
<br>
<br>
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:Courier">naDev Dochvetlh qemqu'</span></b><span style="font-family:Courier">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">I really mean it this time! Bring that here! PK (pet command)<br>
<br>
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:Courier">tIqIpqu' 'ej nom tIqIp</span></b><span style="font-family:Courier">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Hit them hard and hit them fast. TKW<br>
<br>
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:Courier">bIQapqu'meH tar DaSop 'e' DatIvnIS</span></b><span style="font-family:Courier">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">To really succeed, you must enjoy eating poison. TKW<br>
<br>
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:Courier">batlh maHeghbej 'ej yo' qIjDaq vavpu'ma' DImuv</span></b><span style="font-family:Courier">.<br>
<b>pa' reH maSuvtaHqu'</b> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Then we die with honor and join our fathers in<br>
the Black Fleet where we battle forever.<b> </b>(Anthem) <br>
<br>
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:Courier">jIlujqu'</span></b><span style="font-family:Courier">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">I lose in a big way".</span><span style="font-family:Courier"> KGT<br>
<br>
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:Courier">pInaDqu' tuqlIj wInaDqu' je</span></b><span style="font-family:Courier">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Glory to you and your house.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">("We praise you highly; we also praise your house highly") KGT<br>
<br>
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:Courier">jar</span></b><span style="font-family:Courier">
<b>DamaSqu'bogh</b> <b>yIngu'</b> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">What/which is your favorite month? (st.k 12/12/96)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">("Identify the month that you very much prefer!")
<br>
<br>
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:Courier">laS veghaS HIltonDaq «Hov leng: yIjeSchu'»<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:Courier">qaSchoHmo'</span></b><span style="font-family:Courier">,<b> bIlopqu'meH HIlton yIghoS
<o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Come celebrate the grand opening of “<i>Star Trek</i>:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:Courier">The Experience”</span></i><span style="font-family:Courier"> at the Las Vegas Hilton. (STX)<br>
<br>
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color:#C00000">bIHeghqu'</span></b> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">You will die well (PB 142-143)<br>
<br>
<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color:#C00000">nom leng Hun nom lengqu' lut</span>
<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Stories travel faster than a <i>khrun</i><b> </b>(PB 130-131)<br>
<br>
<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color:red">Hay'chu' luneHqu' vaj pe'vIl joqqu' cha' tlhIngan tIqDu'</span>
<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Both Klingon hearts beat, at their strongest, in lust for blood. (PB 167)<br>
<br>
<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A">--<br>
Voragh<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#44546A"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext"> SuStel<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">On 7/31/2017 11:00 AM, André Müller wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">SuStel, you used <b>-qu'</b> on <b>jatlh</b> to express not intensity of the action or state the verb is describing (e.g. "speak a lot" or "speak loudly" or "speak really well" which would have been possible interpretations for me), but
as an emphasis marker, like SPEAKING (as opposed to anything else), sort of like topicalizing a verb.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Is there canonical evidence for this usage? I'm currently in Myanmar and didn't bring my TKD, so I can't check it easily now. But this usage strikes me as odd. Usually so-called "intensifiers" cannot do this in languages, but I don't know
how Okrand described <b>-qu'</b> exactly.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</blockquote>
<p>From TKD:<o:p></o:p></p>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<p><b>-qu'</b><i> emphatic</i><o:p></o:p></p>
<p>This suffix emphasizes or affirms whatever immediately precedes it.<o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<p>I'll simplify the quotation of the examples given.<o:p></o:p></p>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<p><b>yIHaghqu'</b><i> study him/her well<br>
</i><b>nuQaw'qu'be'</b><i> they have not finished us off</i><o:p></o:p></p>
<p>The roving nature of <b>-qu'</b> can be seen in the following set:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p><b>pIHoHvIpbe'qu'</b><i> we are NOT afraid to kill you<br>
</i><b>pIHoHvIpqu'be'</b><i> we are not AFRAID to kill you<br>
</i><b>pIHoHqu'vIp'be'</b><i> we are not afraid to KILL you</i><o:p></o:p></p>
<p>The first word above might be used after an enemy challenged the b4ravery of the speaker. The second might be followed by an explanation such as, "We are not willing to kill you because we require your services." The third word would be used to emphasize
killing, as opposed to some other form of punishment.<o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<pre>-- <o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>SuStel<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><a href="http://trimboli.name">http://trimboli.name</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
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