<html><head></head><body><div style="color:#000; background-color:#fff; font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;font-size:13px">Not that it really matters, since the word is what it is, but "carbon iron" doesn't specify very much, since almost all iron contains carbon. As I understand the process, carbon is used in the extraction of iron from its ore. But then the carbon has to be removed from the metal, because carbon percentages above around 3% make irons like cast iron, which is too brittle to hammer into shape or to form into an edge, although it can be poured and cast. Steel results when you reduce the carbon percentage, so that the metal becomes soft enough to work on an anvil. The Bessemer smelter was such a game-changer because it used simple compressed air to blow through molten iron and bind the excess carbon. So it seems odd to me that the name "carbon iron" is applied to a material whose main feature is the removal of carbon. <br><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_9800"><span><br></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10137"><span>ter'eS</span></div><div class="qtdSeparateBR" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_9801"><br><br></div><div class="yahoo_quoted" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_9844" style="display: block;"> <div style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_9843"> <div style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_9842"> <div dir="ltr" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_9841"> <font id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_9845" size="2" face="Arial"> <hr id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_9846" size="1"> <b><span style="font-weight:bold;">From:</span></b> qurgh lungqIj <qurgh@wizage.net><br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">To:</span></b> "tlhIngan-Hol@kli.org" <tlhingan-hol@kli.org> <br> <b id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_9951"><span style="font-weight: bold;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_9950">Sent:</span></b> Tuesday, April 25, 2017 9:21 AM<br> <b id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_9953"><span style="font-weight: bold;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_9952">Subject:</span></b> Re: [tlhIngan Hol] Klingon Word of the Day: ghav 'uSqan<br> </font> </div> <div class="y_msg_container" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10005"><br><div id="yiv0568421588"><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10009"><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10008">Steel is an alloy of iron and other elements, primarily carbon. Wikipedia says that the carbon can make up to 2.1% of the total weight of the steel.<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10007"><br clear="none"></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10010">qurgh</div></div><div class="yiv0568421588gmail_extra" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10012"><br clear="none"><div class="yiv0568421588gmail_quote" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10014">On Apr 25, 2017 10:07 AM, "Terrence Donnelly" <<a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" ymailto="mailto:terrence.donnelly@sbcglobal.net" target="_blank" href="mailto:terrence.donnelly@sbcglobal.net" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10283">terrence.donnelly@sbcglobal.net</a>> wrote:<br clear="none"><blockquote class="yiv0568421588gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10018"><div class="yiv0568421588yqt4462488440" id="yiv0568421588yqt16950"><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10017"><div style="color:#000;background-color:#fff;font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;font-size:13px;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10016"><div id="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493128818390_5280">This one confuses me, because I thought steel was iron from which most of the carbon has been removed.</div><div id="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493128818390_5271"><br clear="none"></div><div id="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493128818390_5275">ter'eS<br clear="none"></div><div class="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900qtdSeparateBR" id="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493128818390_4074"><br clear="none"></div><div class="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yahoo_quoted" id="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493128818390_4078" style="display:block;"> <div id="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493128818390_4077" style="font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;font-size:13px;"> <div id="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493128818390_4076" style="font-family:HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;font-size:16px;"> <div dir="ltr" id="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493128818390_4075"> <font id="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493128818390_4094" size="2" face="Arial"> </font><hr size="1"> <b><span style="font-weight:bold;">From:</span></b> Steven Boozer <<a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" ymailto="mailto:sboozer@uchicago.edu" target="_blank" href="mailto:sboozer@uchicago.edu">sboozer@uchicago.edu</a>><br clear="none"> <b id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10339"><span style="font-weight:bold;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10338">To:</span></b> "<a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" ymailto="mailto:tlhingan-hol@kli.org" target="_blank" href="mailto:tlhingan-hol@kli.org">tlhingan-hol@kli.org</a>" <<a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" ymailto="mailto:tlhingan-hol@kli.org" target="_blank" href="mailto:tlhingan-hol@kli.org">tlhingan-hol@kli.org</a>> <br clear="none"> <b id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10337"><span style="font-weight:bold;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493132764953_10336">Sent:</span></b> Tuesday, April 25, 2017 8:43 AM<br clear="none"> <b id="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493128818390_4093"><span id="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493128818390_4092" style="font-weight:bold;">Subject:</span></b> Re: [tlhIngan Hol] Klingon Word of the Day: ghav 'uSqan<br clear="none"> </div> <div class="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900y_msg_container" id="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493128818390_4090"><br clear="none"><div dir="ltr" id="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1493128818390_4091">> Klingon Word of the Day for Saturday, April 22, 2017<br clear="none">> <br clear="none">> Klingon word: ghav 'uSqan<br clear="none">> Part of speech: noun<br clear="none">> Definition: steel<br clear="none">> Source: qepHom 2016<br clear="none"><br clear="none">lit. "carbon iron"<br clear="none"><br clear="none">ghav carbon (n) (qepHom 2015)<br clear="none">'uSqan iron (element) (n) (qepHom 2015)<br clear="none"><br clear="none"><br clear="none">--<br clear="none">Voragh<br clear="none">tlhIngan ghantoH pIn'a'<br clear="none">Ca'Non Master of the Klingons<div class="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yqt0778575477" id="yiv0568421588m_-3466833593953055900yqtfd46464"><br clear="none"><br clear="none"><br clear="none"><br clear="none">______________________________ _________________<br clear="none">tlhIngan-Hol mailing list<br clear="none"><a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" ymailto="mailto:tlhIngan-Hol@lists.kli.org" target="_blank" href="mailto:tlhIngan-Hol@lists.kli.org">tlhIngan-Hol@lists.kli.org</a><br clear="none"><a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" target="_blank" href="http://lists.kli.org/listinfo.cgi/tlhingan-hol-kli.org">http://lists.kli.org/listinfo. cgi/tlhingan-hol-kli.org</a><br clear="none"></div></div><br clear="none"><br clear="none"></div> </div> </div> </div></div></div></div><br clear="none">______________________________ _________________<br clear="none">
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