[tlhIngan Hol] Klingon Word of the Day: jagh

[Steven Boozer]

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Klingon word: jagh
Part of speech: noun
Definition: enemy
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jagh nuH 
enemy weapon  TKD

jaghpu' yuQmeyDaq 
at/to the enemies' planets  TKD

jaghpu'lI' DaghIjjaj 
May you scare your enemies! TKD

jagh luHoHmeH jagh lunejtaH 
They are searching for the enemy in order to kill him. 
("In order to kill the enemy, they are searching for the enemy.") TKD

jagh DajeymeH nIteb yISuvrup 
To defeat the enemy, be ready to fight alone. PK

jagh lucharghlu'ta'bogh HuH ghopDu'lIj lungaSjaj 
May the bile of the vanquished (enemy) fill your hands! PK 

Dujeychugh jagh nIv yItuHQo' 
There is nothing shameful in falling before a superior enemy.
("If a superior enemy defeats you, don't be ashamed"). TKW

Dal pagh jagh 
No enemy is boring. TKW

ghIj qet jaghmeyjaj [sic] 
May your enemies run with fear! (TKW, p. 65)

jaghmeylI' DaghIjjaj, qetjaj jaghmeylI' 
May you scare your enemies, may your enemies run. TKW

bISutlhnISchugh jaghlI' mInDu' tIbej 
If you must negotiate, watch your enemy's eyes. TKW

'ang'eghQo' quv Hutlhbogh jagh neH ghobtaHvIS ghaH 
Only an enemy without honor refuses to show himself in battle. TKW

jagh chuH SuvwI' 
The warrior spears the enemy. The warrior throws [a spear] at the enemy. KGT

jagh chuHchu' SuvwI' 
The warrior spears the enemy perfectly, The warrior hits the enemy [with a thrown spear]. KGT

Hoch jaghpu'Daj HoHpu' 
He/she has killed all his/her enemies. 
[IDIOM:  to describe a person who is leading a meaningless, empty life, one lacking any challenge. (KGT 107)

Hoch jaghpu'Daj HoHbogh SuvwI' yIvup 
"Pity the warrior who slays all his foes." KGT

jaghpu' mo' wIyajnIS 
We must understand the enemies' motive. (slang) KGT

jagh HIvrup SuvwI' Haqpa' DIvI' qeSwI' 
The warrior was prepared to attack the enemy until the Federation advisor intervened. 
[SLANG: "the implication is that the advice was unnecessary, counterproductive, or both." (KGT 151)

jagh jonlu' 
One captures the enemy, The enemy is captured. KGT

jagh jonlaH 
He/she can capture the enemy. KGT

jagh jonlaH vay' 
Somebody can capture the enemy, Anybody can capture the enemy. KGT

jagh jonluH / jagh jonla' 
The enemy can be captured (slang!) KGT
["No one accepts such constructions as grammatical; their inappropriateness, the way they grate on the Klingon ear, is exactly what gives them elocutionary clout." (KGT 181)]

jaghwI'Daq jIHom 
I use (my) second toe at my enemy 
(IDIOM: I claim my enemy is unworthy or weak) (HQ 10.2:11)

jagh ghaH DIvI''e' 
The Federation is the enemy. (ST6 notes, per Lieven 9/08/2018) 

jaghpu'ra' bopujmoHtaHvIS, ghur tuqmeyraj quv. 
Honor will rise in your houses as you bring your enemies to their knees. MKE

jagh Duj DaQaw' 'ach pagh qama' Datlhapqa' 
Destroy enemy vessel without retrieving prisoners. MKE

DuHIv jagh Dangu'laHbe'bogh, vaj bIwunchoH 'ej bIpujchoH 
Attack by unknown enemy leaves you vulnerable and weak. MKE

bIDaqchu' 'ej jagh De' lI' DaSuq 
Intercept useful enemy information. MKE

QaptaHvIS So'wI', Hoch jagh Dujmey DaQotlh. 
Disable all enemy ships while cloaked. MKE

jagh yIbuStaH 
Focus on the enemy! (qep'a' 2014 Replacement Proverb)

(KGT 140-41):  In standard Klingon, the prefix yI- is attached to a verb to form a command given to one person if there is either no object or a singular object, as in, for example, yIjatlh! (Speak!) or jagh yIHIv! (Attack the enemy!). Also, it is used to form a command given to more than one person if the object is singular: jagh yIHIv ("[all of you] attack the enemy!) When the object is plural, however, the prefix tI- is used instead, whether the command is given to one or more than one: jaghpu' tIHIv! (Attack the enemies!) Some younger Klingons are apt to use yI- rather than tI- when the object is plural, saying, for example, jaghpu' yIHIv! for Attack the enemies! This construction is heard with increasing regularity, though hardly a majority of the time. It leads to no misunderstanding as long as the object noun (jaghpu' [enemies] in the examples above) is marked for plural--that is, as long as it has a plural suffix (here, -pu') or is a word that is inherently plural (such as cha [torpedoes]). Since marking the plural is never required, however, jagh could mean enemy or enemies. While in standard Klingon there is no ambiguity in these kinds of commands -- jagh tIHIv! must mean Attack the enemies! because tI- is used specifically for plural objects--in the younger generation's way of speaking, jagh yIHIv! could be either Attack the enemy! or Attack the enemies!, since yI- is used with both singular and plural objects and jagh could be either. On the other hand, this ambiguous use of yI- makes it possible to be vague on purpose. That is, in Klingon (and in Federation Standard also, for that matter), there is no easy way to say Attack the enemy or enemies, however many there may be. The younger Klingons' jagh yIHIv, however, means exactly that.

(MO > Lieven, 6/25/2014):  The word jaghpu'na' could mean definitely enemies (that is, there's no question that those people you're talking about are enemies and not friends or neutral parties or whatever), but, in the proper context, it could also mean definitely (several or a lot of) enemies, focusing on the group or plurality.  [...]  For the possessive suffixes, however, this doesn't work. jaghna'lI' means definitely your enemy (and not your friend, etc.). It doesn't specifically mean definitely your enemy (and not mine). 

CULTURE NOTES:
  "Engaging in battle with an enemy hones the warrior's skills and pushed him to achieve victory. To have a rich and fulfilling life, according to Klingon thinking, one must have an enemy." (TKW 201)

  "Drink not with thine enemy! The rigid Klingon code." (Q to Worf, TNG "Hide and Q")

  "Klingon tradition held that when a Klingon was unable to stand and face his enemies, he should choose the Hegh'bat [ritual suicide]." (STE [1994] 124) 

  "Some advice from a warrior in the bedchamber as well as the battlefield. At times like these you must treat your heart as the enemy so you won't be distracted in battle." (Gen. Korok to Seven, VOY "Unimatrix Zero Pt. II")

  "There is no greater enemy than one's own fears." (Martok, DS9 "By Inferno's Light")

TREK NOTES:
  During Archer's trial for conspiring against the Klingon Empire and fomenting revolt, the members in the gallery were shouting "*J'hak! J'hak!*" which advocate Kolos translated as "Enemy". (ENT "Judgment")

  "There's an old saying on Cardassia: Enemies make dangerous friends." [Garak, DS9 "The Search, Part II"]

O'BRIEN:   She's [Jadzia] not in Sto-Vo-Kor. 
QUARK:     You mean Klingon heaven? What would she be doing there? She wasn't a Klingon. 
O'BRIEN:    As far as Worf is concerned, she was. She did join the House of Martok. 
BASHIR:     Then what makes him think she's not in Sto-Vo-Kor? 
O'BRIEN:    For one thing, she never ate the heart of one of her enemies. 
QUARK:      She always was a little squeamish.   [DS9 "Face In the Sand"]

WORF: 	     They are attempting to plant their fields before the sun sets. Time is their 
                    enemy. We should help them defeat it.  [DS9 "Children of Time"]


SEEL
jaghla'  		enemy commander (n) 
-  ja'chuqmeH rojHom neH jaghla' 
   The enemy commander wishes a truce (in order) to confer. TKD

jegh 		surrender. (v)  [note similarity to {jagh}]

SEE ALSO:
ghol 		opponent, adversary (n)
naH 		be hostile, malicious, unfriendly, antagonistic (v)

--
Voragh
Ca'Non Master of the Klingons