[tlhIngan Hol] The concept of "one/each/every time"

[Steven Boozer]

If it helps, think of them as emphatic colloquial *phrases* in English:

Hochlogh         each and every time, every single time
paghlogh         not even once, not a single time

BTW if you have a good English-Greek dictionary that provides examples, look up the phrase “each and every”.

--
Voragh


From: tlhIngan-Hol [mailto:tlhingan-hol-bounces at lists.kli.org]
On Behalf Of mayqel qunenoS

And to further comment on the emphatic nature of "each/every" time, there is a reason why I feel them to be emphatic by nature.

When you use them, you don't just refer to a group of things/events. You don't just put all these things/events in a big bag, handling them all as a homogenous group.

By the "each/every" you're referring in particular to every single thing/event of that group, for whatever reason. And I think this is an emphatic approach by its very nature.

If I say "at this list there is a group of klingonists" it is one thing. But if I say "at this list each one of us is a klingonist", then I believe the latter sentence puts the emphasis on every one here individually.

qunnoH

On 31 Oct 2016 4:01 pm, "mayqel qunenoS" <mihkoun at gmail.com<mailto:mihkoun at gmail.com>> wrote:

Of course, as lieven pointed out, the difference -in english- between "each time" and "every time" eludes me.

But the way they *feel* to me in english is the same with the way they feel to me in greek; that is whenever I hear them, I get the "emphasis" feeling.

Because of this reason I feel that the {Hochlogh} actually manages to kill two birds with one stone. Literally it means "each/every time", while simultaneously it gives emphasis to the sentence.

So, I believe it solves my problem of expressing the "each/every time" meaning.

qunnoH
ghoghwIj HablI'vo' vIngeHta'

On 31 Oct 2016 3:50 pm, "Steven Boozer" <sboozer at uchicago.edu<mailto:sboozer at uchicago.edu>> wrote:
{Hochlogh} was introduced in KGT.  AFAIK there is only one actual example sentence:

(KGT 178):  Similarly, when {-logh} is attached to {Hoch} (all), the resulting word, {Hochlogh} (all times), is used in the same way as {reH} (always), as in {Hochlogh no' yIquvmoH} (“All times honor your ancestors”...); compare {reH no' yIquvmoH} ({Always honor your ancestors”).
It is similar to another emphatic form {paghlogh} “zero times:

(KGT 178):  "When {-logh} is attached to {pagh} (zero), the resulting form, {paghlogh} (zero times) is used as an emphatic alternate for {not} (never), as in {paghlogh jegh tlhIngan SuvwI'} (“a Klingon warrior surrenders zero times”)... compare {not jegh tlhIngan SuvwI'} (“a Klingon warrior never surrenders”).
BTW both of these are considered {mu’mey ru’} “made-up (lit. “temporary”) words”:

KGT 176:  Sometimes words or phrases are coined for a specific occasion, intentionally violating grammatical rules in order to have an impact. Usually these are never heard again, though some gain currency and might as well be classified as slang. Klingon grammarians call such forms {mu'mey ru'} ("temporary words"). Sometimes, {mu'mey ru'} fill a void--that is, give voice to an idea for which there is no standard (or even slang) expression; sometimes, like slang, they are just more emphatic ways of expressing an idea. A common way to create these constructions is to bend the grammatical rules somewhat, violating the norm in a way that is so obvious that there is no question that it is being done intentionally. To do this is expressed in Klingon as {pabHa'} ("misfollow [the rules], follow [the rules] wrongly").
--
Voragh
From: tlhIngan-Hol [mailto:tlhingan-hol-bounces at lists.kli.org<mailto:tlhingan-hol-bounces at lists.kli.org>]
On Behalf Of mayqel qunenoS

lieven:
> have you considered {Hochlogh}? it means
> something like "always", but literally says
> "each time" or "all times"

qunnoH:
And now, I would like to ask voragh on any canon examples, which utilize the {Hochlogh}.


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